Diabetes Type II Pathophysiology
Armando Hasudungan・4 minutes read
Type 2 diabetes is a condition where insulin resistance leads to high blood glucose levels due to the pancreas not producing insulin effectively. Factors like genetics, poor diet, obesity, and family history can contribute to this insulin resistance, resulting in complications like osmotic diuresis and potentially requiring insulin injections for management.
Insights
- Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes hampers the normal function of insulin receptors in key tissues, such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle, contributing to elevated blood glucose levels and necessitating management strategies like insulin injections.
- Complications of type 2 diabetes, including osmotic diuresis and beta cell atrophy in the pancreas, underscore the critical importance of addressing insulin resistance through factors like genetics, diet, obesity, and family history to prevent severe health consequences.
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Recent questions
What is insulin resistance?
Insulin resistance is a condition where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels.
How does insulin work in the body?
Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels by allowing cells to take in glucose for energy.
What are the complications of high blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes?
High blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes can lead to various complications, including osmotic diuresis and beta cell atrophy.
What factors contribute to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes?
Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes can be influenced by genetics, poor dietary habits, obesity, and family history.
How can insulin resistance be managed in type 2 diabetes?
Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes can be managed through lifestyle changes, medication, and sometimes insulin therapy.
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Summary
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Understanding Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance
- Diabetes type 2 is characterized by insulin resistance, where the pancreas fails to produce insulin effectively, leading to high blood glucose levels. Insulin is crucial for metabolism and is released in response to elevated blood glucose levels after meals.
- In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance causes the insulin receptors on liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle to malfunction, resulting in prolonged high blood glucose levels. This resistance can be influenced by genetics, poor dietary habits, obesity, and family history.
- High blood glucose levels in diabetes type 2 can lead to complications like osmotic diuresis, causing excessive urination and subsequent dehydration. Prolonged insulin resistance can also lead to beta cell atrophy in the pancreas, necessitating insulin injections for management.
