CBSE Class 11 Biology || Breathing and Exchange of Gases || Full Chapter || By Shiksha House
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Energy for activities is derived from the breakdown of organic molecules within cells, with oxygen being used and carbon dioxide released. Breathing is essential for living organisms to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide, with different animals having varying mechanisms based on habitat and organization levels.
Insights
- Energy for activities in cells comes from breaking down organic molecules like sugars, fats, and proteins, with oxygen being used and carbon dioxide released in the process.
- Animals have diverse breathing mechanisms based on their habitat and anatomy, with invertebrates using diffusion, insects employing trachea and moist skin, and vertebrates like humans relying on well-developed respiratory systems, including lungs for terrestrial respiration.
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Recent questions
How do cells derive energy?
By breaking down organic molecules like sugars and fats.
What is the role of oxygen in cells?
Oxygen is used during the breakdown process.
How do living organisms breathe?
By inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide.
How do invertebrates exchange gases?
Through simple diffusion on their body surface.
What is the respiratory system in humans?
A well-developed system including the respiratory tract and lungs.
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Summary
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Cellular Respiration and Gas Exchange in Organisms
- Energy for activities is derived from the breakdown of organic molecules like sugars, fats, and proteins within cells.
- Oxygen is continuously used by cells during the breakdown process, with carbon dioxide being released.
- Breathing involves inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide, crucial for living organisms.
- Different animals have varying mechanisms of breathing based on habitat and organization level.
- Invertebrates like sponges exchange gases through simple diffusion on their body surface.
- Insects use trachea and moist skin for gas exchange, while mollusks utilize vascularized structures called ctenidia.
- Arthropods like spiders have book lungs for respiration, while vertebrates use lungs for terrestrial respiration.
- Humans have a well-developed respiratory system, including the respiratory tract and lungs.
- The respiratory system is divided into conducting and respiratory parts, with alveoli being crucial for gas exchange.
