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Applications of Biotechnology in One Shot for NEET Ft. Vipin Sharma | NCERT Rapid Revision

Ozone Classes by Vipin Sharma Sir・81 minutes read

Vipin Kumar Sharma's video on biotechnology and its applications provides a comprehensive overview that covers topics like industrial production, genetically modified crops, and sustainable agriculture practices, aiming to address food security challenges. The video highlights key concepts such as the application of genetically modified organisms in agriculture, gene therapy for correcting genetic disorders, and the importance of PCR and ELISA diagnostic techniques for early disease detection.

Insights

Biotechnology in agriculture aims to enhance food production by creating genetically modified crops resistant to pests and diseases, leading to increased productivity and reduced post-harvest losses.
Gene therapy and enzyme replacement therapy are crucial advancements in correcting genetic defects and deficiencies, such as ADA for immune system function, showcasing the potential for improved health outcomes and effective disease management.

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Recent questions

What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology involves manipulating living organisms for practical applications.
How does biotechnology impact agriculture?
Biotechnology enhances food production and quality through genetic modification.
What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
GMOs are organisms whose genetic material has been altered.
What is gene therapy?
Gene therapy corrects defective genes to improve health.
How does biotechnology impact medicine?
Biotechnology enables the mass production of therapeutic drugs.

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Summary

00:00

Biotechnology in Agriculture: Enhancing Food Production

The video session by Vipin Kumar Sharma on biotechnology and its applications covers NCRT 9 one-shot videos comprehensively.
The chapter delves into the process of biotechnology, starting with isolating and purifying key elements, linking them with vectors, and transforming them.
Biotechnology in industrial production of biopharmaceuticals and genetically modified organisms is crucial.
The application of biotechnology extends to creating genetically modified crops for improved quality and resistance against pests.
Biotechnology is instrumental in agriculture for enhancing food production through agrochemicals, organic farming, and genetically engineered crops.
The use of genetically modified organisms in agriculture can lead to increased productivity and reduced losses.
Genetically modified plants can be designed to resist pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical pesticides.
Utilizing genetically modified organisms can enhance post-harvest preservation and improve crop quality.
Sustainable agriculture practices, such as utilizing minerals in the soil efficiently, can lead to better crop yields and nutritional value.
The application of biotechnology in agriculture aims to address food security challenges and improve the quality and quantity of food production.

14:52

Advancements in Biotechnology for Improved Agriculture

Genetically modified crops can improve food quality by addressing five important aspects, including stress resistance and reduced need for pesticides.
Post-harvest losses can be minimized by using mineral users at the epicenter, ensuring long-lasting fertility and intact nutritional quality.
The RICE 2019 edition highlights the use of strong museum to create alarmed plant supply alternative sources for industries and pharmaceuticals.
Tailormade plants are a new innovation in personalizing medicine, allowing for customized approaches based on individual genome analysis.
Biotechnology in agriculture involves producing pest-resistant plants, reducing reliance on pesticides, and utilizing daughter toxins for targeted pest control.
Daughter toxins, derived from bacteria like Bacillus, are used to create insecticidal proteins that target specific pests like cotton bollworms.
Protein crystals produced by Bacillus contain insecticidal substances that become active when ingested by pests, leading to their death.
BT toxins are isolated from BT strains, added to plants, and target specific pests like cotton bollworms, providing crop protection without harming beneficial insects.
RNA interference technology involves converting single-stranded RNA to double-stranded RNA to activate gene silencing, preventing protein production in pests.
Transposable genetic elements, discovered by Barbara McClintock, can move within genetic material, allowing for genetic engineering and mobility within DNA.

30:02

Genetic Elements and Therapeutic Advancements in Medicine

Transfer can be done by cutting from one point to another due to a small mobile genetic element.
Retro and transco are involved in retro transport, focusing on transporter genetic elements.
Arya emphasizes making something first before others, ensuring it's double-sided and then transferred.
Vitamin C plays a crucial role in defense and protein production, requiring expression for protein synthesis.
RNA interference is vital in preventing infections and protecting genetically modified plants from parasites.
Recombinant DNA technology enables mass production of therapeutic drugs, like insulin, crucial for diabetes patients.
Bacterial insulin production ensures compatibility with human genes, avoiding immunological responses.
Insulin maturation involves peptide changes and disulfide bridges, crucial for its activation and function.
Gene therapy allows for the correction of defective genes, improving overall health and functionality.
The historical development of gene therapy dates back to 1990, showcasing its potential in treating genetic disorders effectively.

45:17

Managing Deficiencies and Diseases in India

Deficiency and addition are managed by teams in India, where immunity is not granted.
A lack of bread production in the body leads to slow immune response, necessitating regular check-ups.
Genetic diseases like cancer can be corrected through gene therapy, which involves correcting gene defects.
Gene therapy aims to insert corrected genes into cells and tissues to address defects and improve protein synthesis.
Enzyme replacement therapy is crucial for deficiencies like ADA, essential for immune system function.
Bone marrow transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy are key treatments for deficiencies, requiring periodic infusions.
PCR and ELISA are diagnostic techniques used for early disease detection, involving denaturation, fueling, and extension processes.
ELISA utilizes enzymes and antibodies to detect antigen-antibody interactions, indicating the presence of pathogens.
Pregnancy kits use antigen-antibody reactions to detect proteins, showing color changes to indicate pregnancy.
Early diagnosis through PCR and ELISA is vital for effective treatment and disease management, ensuring timely interventions.

59:41

Detecting Pathogens and Genetic Mutations in Humans

Human Placental Lactogen (HP) is used to detect pathogens in the body.
ELISA and PCR are utilized to identify the presence of pathogens.
Symptoms of infection may not be apparent in cases of low pathogen concentration.
PCR is specifically used to detect HIV.
Genetic disorders and cancer mutations can be identified through genetic testing.
Electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments.
Mutations causing diseases like cancer can be detected through DNA sequencing.
Transgenic animals are crucial in studying gene functions and disease development.
Insulin plays a significant role in diabetes and other disorders.
Transgenic animals are essential for developing new treatments and biological products.

01:14:17

"Genetic Engineering and Patent Controversies"

Testing of vaccines involves checking toxicity levels in transgenic animals.
Transgenic animals are genetically modified to be more sensitive to toxins.
Comparisons are made between toxic effects in transgenic and normal animals.
Recombinant DNA technology has various benefits in medical advancements.
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee approves research on genetic engineering.
Patents are crucial in science, requiring permission and sharing royalties.
Basmati rice patenting by an American company caused controversy in India.
Attempts to patent traditional herbal medicines like turmeric and neem were countered.
Recipe piracy involves unauthorized use of biological products without permission.
Developing nations face challenges in biodiversity exploitation and benefit sharing.

01:28:05

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