Valency of Element | Elements, Compounds and Mixtures | Class 9 | CBSE | NCERT | ICSE
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Atoms with eight electrons in the valence shell are stable, except for Helium which has a duplet structure with two electrons. Elements with eight electrons in the valence shell have the most stable arrangement, known as an octet, typical of noble gases.
Insights
- Atoms with eight electrons in the valence shell are considered stable, forming an octet structure typical of noble gases, except for Helium which has a duplet structure with two electrons.
- Valency is determined by the number of electrons gained, lost, or shared to achieve an octet, with metals losing electrons and non-metals gaining electrons to reach stability, while elements like Carbon share electrons, known as metalloids.
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Recent questions
What makes noble gases stable?
They have eight electrons in the valence shell.
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Summary
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"Octet Rule: Stability in Valence Shell"
- Atoms with eight electrons in the valence shell are stable, except for Helium which has a duplet structure with two electrons.
- Elements with eight electrons in the valence shell have the most stable arrangement, known as an octet, typical of noble gases.
- Noble gases, excluding Helium, exhibit an octet structure, making them inert gases due to their stability and lack of reactivity.
- Metals lose one, two, or three valence electrons to achieve stability, while non-metals gain electrons to complete the octet.
- Elements with four valence electrons, like Carbon, share electrons to reach stability, known as metalloids.
- Valency is determined by the number of electrons gained, lost, or shared to achieve an octet, with specific values for different electron counts.
- Elements exhibiting variable valency, like Copper and Mercury, are named based on their lower and higher valencies, using suffixes -ous and -ic respectively.
