Orbitals
Saylor Academy・2 minutes read
The structure of atoms involves a nucleus with electrons forming a smear around it, not in fixed orbits but as a probability function. Different elements have unique electron configurations based on energy shells, with electrons following specific rules for filling orbitals.
Insights
- Electrons in an atom are not in fixed orbits but exist as a probability function around the nucleus, described by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. This challenges the traditional view of electrons moving in predictable paths like planets around a star.
- The electron configuration of atoms follows a specific pattern based on energy shells denoted by the quantum number 'n', with each shell accommodating a certain number of electrons. This structured filling of orbitals determines an element's chemical properties and behavior.
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Recent questions
What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?
It states that the position and momentum of a particle cannot be precisely determined simultaneously.
How are electrons described in an atom?
As a smear around the nucleus due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
What is the Bohr model?
A model conceptualizing electrons as planets around a star.
How do electrons move between energy states?
By absorbing or emitting energy in the form of light waves.
What is the electron configuration of lithium?
1s2 2s1
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