How does poor water quality exacerbate water scarcity?

Pollution from waste and chemicals

What is the Jal Jeevan Mission?

Initiative for portable piped water supply

Collection and storage of rainwater

Conservation and control of water

Water scarcity is a pressing global issue stemming from overuse and pollution, with 2 billion people projected to face shortages by 2025, impacting regions like Rajasthan and Kolkata.
Dams, hailed as modern marvels, play a vital role in water conservation, but face opposition due to environmental and social concerns, highlighting the need for sustainable water management practices beyond traditional methods like rainwater harvesting.

What is the main cause of water scarcity?
Overuse and exploitation
How does poor water quality exacerbate water scarcity?
Pollution from waste and chemicals
What is the Jal Jeevan Mission?
Initiative for portable piped water supply
What are the main benefits of rainwater harvesting?
Collection and storage of rainwater
How are dams used to manage water resources?
Conservation and control of water

00:00

Earth appears blue due to the abundance of water, yet water scarcity is prevalent globally.
Chapter 3 of Class 10 Geography delves into water scarcity, its causes, and management.
3/4 of Earth is covered in water, but only 2.5% is fresh water, with 70% locked in ice and glaciers.
Water scarcity arises from overuse and exploitation, leading to predictions of 2 billion people facing shortages by 2025.
Water scarcity is evident in regions like Rajasthan and Kolkata, showcasing the impact of overexploitation.
Reasons for water scarcity include population growth, intensive agriculture, industrial expansion, and urbanization.
Poor water quality due to pollution from waste and chemicals exacerbates water scarcity.
The Indian government initiated the Jal Jeevan Mission to provide portable piped water supply to rural areas.
Conservation and management of water are crucial to prevent health hazards, food shortages, and ecological crises.
Hydraulic structures like dams have been used historically and presently to conserve and manage water resources.

15:19

Three types of dams: high height, medium high, and low height dams.
Traditional use of dams was for collecting river and rainwater for irrigation.
Modern uses of dams include irrigation, domestic and industrial water supply, electricity generation, flood control, recreation, inland navigation, and fish breeding.
Examples of multi-purpose projects: Bhakra Nangal Dam for hydroelectricity and irrigation, Hirakud Dam for water conservation and flood control.
Jawaharlal Nehru referred to dams as temples of modern India due to their benefits.
Reasons for opposition to multipurpose projects: disruption of natural river flow, social displacement, change in cropping patterns, and interstate water disputes.
Dams often fail to achieve their intended purposes, leading to floods instead of flood control.
Rainwater harvesting is an alternative to dams, involving the collection and storage of rainwater.
Different methods of rainwater harvesting in India: diversion channels in mountainous regions, rooftop harvesting in Rajasthan, and canal systems in flood-prone areas.
Benefits of storing water in underground tanks include reliability as a drinking water source and natural cooling effect.

30:00

Water is transported using bamboo pipes to houses and fields, with the bamboo drip irrigation system capable of moving 18 to 20 liters of water over hundreds of meters. The system, entirely constructed from bamboo, reduces water drops from 20 to 80, concluding this chapter.