The Plague: How Did One Village Survive? | Riddle Of The Plague Survivors | Timeline

Timeline - World History Documentaries33 minutes read

History Hit TV is a history-focused platform akin to Netflix, offering exclusive documentaries and interviews. Scientists studied a village in England that resisted the Black Death, revealing genetic resistance to the disease that protected survivors from infection.

Insights

  • The village of Eem in Derbyshire survived the Black Death due to genetic resistance, as descendants shared protective genes like delta 32, conferring immunity to the deadly disease.
  • The discovery of the delta 32 gene in Eem descendants and its role in conferring resistance to infectious diseases like the plague and AIDS marks a groundbreaking advancement in genetic research, offering insights into how genetic differences influence responses to epidemics.

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Recent questions

  • What is History Hit TV?

    A platform like Netflix focused on history.

  • How did the Black Death spread?

    Originated from ships carrying the plague bacterium.

  • Who was William Mompesson?

    Enforced strict quarantine during the Black Death.

  • What is the delta 32 gene?

    Confers resistance to diseases like the plague.

  • How did Steve Crone resist AIDS?

    Possessed a mutant gene, delta 32, preventing HIV infection.

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Summary

00:00

"Surviving the Black Death: Eem's Miracle"

  • History Hit TV is a platform similar to Netflix but focused on history, offering exclusive documentaries and interviews with top historians.
  • Fans of Timeline can access a special offer on History Hit TV by using a code or following the information provided.
  • The Black Death was a devastating disease during the Middle Ages, wiping out millions of people in Europe.
  • A village in England managed to resist the Black Death, sparking curiosity among scientists and historians.
  • Scientist Stephen O'Brien believes he has unraveled the mystery behind the village's survival.
  • The Black Death originated from ships carrying the plague bacterium, spreading rapidly across Europe.
  • Quarantine measures were implemented in England to limit the spread of the disease, but survival rates were low.
  • Eem village in Derbyshire faced the plague in 1665 due to contaminated cloth, leading to a high death toll.
  • The village rector, William Mompesson, enforced a strict quarantine to prevent the plague from spreading.
  • Despite being isolated with the deadly disease for over a year, half of Eem's population miraculously survived, leading to questions about the nature of the disease they faced.

19:57

Genetic Resistance to Plague in Eem

  • Eem records showed cases of bizarre recovery and some individuals never contracted the plague despite constant exposure.
  • Elizabeth Hancock, living on the village edge, buried six children and her husband within a week due to the plague, yet she never contracted it.
  • Marshall Howe, handling hundreds of infected corpses as a gravedigger, survived the plague.
  • Stephen O'Brien aimed to discover if genetic makeup protected the survivors of Eem from the plague.
  • O'Brien theorized that genetic differences influenced responses to infectious diseases, not just nutrition or environment.
  • Descendants of plague survivors in Eem shared common surnames like Hancock, Furness, and Blackwell.
  • O'Brien conducted a genetic study in Eem to analyze if protective genes like delta 32 were present in the villagers.
  • Delta 32, a gene believed to confer resistance to diseases, was found in 14 descendants from Eem.
  • The presence of delta 32 in Eem descendants suggested genetic resistance to the plague, matching levels found in other parts of Europe.
  • O'Brien and Goldstein calculated that the delta 32 gene emerged in the European population around 700 years ago, coinciding with the Black Death outbreak.

40:16

Genetic breakthrough: immunity to AIDS discovered

  • Jerry, a victim of AIDS, died on March 4th, 1982, becoming the fifth person in America to succumb to the disease.
  • Over two decades, AIDS has caused 18 million deaths globally, with HIV being the primary culprit, devastating immune systems akin to the Black Death.
  • Steve Crone, despite expecting to contract AIDS due to his lifestyle and losing numerous friends to the disease, tested negative for HIV consistently.
  • Bill Paxton's experiment revealed that Steve's cells possessed a mutant gene, delta 32, preventing HIV from infecting them, leading to his resistance to the disease.
  • Individuals with two copies of the delta 32 gene, like Steve Crone, exhibit almost complete immunity to AIDS, marking a significant genetic breakthrough in infectious disease research.
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