Stabilité génétique et évolution clonale Spécialité SVT terminale Chapitre 1
La science infuse・4 minutes read
Turritopsis nutricula jellyfish can achieve biological immortality by transforming back into a polyp stage and then into a jellyfish indefinitely, with the ability to create genetically identical clones through cell division, although mutations during the cycle can lead to genetic variations and potential diseases like cancer. UV or radioactivity can promote mutations by damaging DNA, leading to disruptions in normal cell functioning and potentially causing hypertrichosis or albinism within a clone.
Insights
- Turritopsis nutricula achieves biological immortality through regressing to its polyp stage and transforming back into a jellyfish indefinitely, despite susceptibility to predators and diseases.
- Clones of the jellyfish are genetically identical organisms that can vary in cell organization, formed through cell division with mutations potentially causing genetic variations like hypertrichosis or albinism, while certain mutations could disrupt normal cell functioning and lead to cancer. UV or radioactivity can act as mutagenic agents promoting mutations by damaging DNA.
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Recent questions
Can jellyfish live forever?
Yes
How do jellyfish create clones?
Cell division
What causes genetic variations in clones?
Mutations
How are mutations passed down in cells?
Through generations
What can promote mutations in cells?
UV, radioactivity
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Summary
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Jellyfish Turritopsis nutricula: Immortal, Cloning, Mutations
- Turritopsis nutricula is a jellyfish capable of biological immortality by regressing to its polyp stage and transforming back into a jellyfish indefinitely, although it remains vulnerable to predators and diseases.
- The jellyfish can create genetically identical clones of itself, with clones being organisms that are genetically identical but can vary in how cells organize themselves, either as separate cells or stably associated cells forming tissues.
- Clones are formed through cell division, with mutations during the cell cycle leading to genetic variations within a clone, potentially causing changes like hypertrichosis or albinism.
- Mutations can be passed down through generations of cells, forming subclones, and certain mutations can disrupt normal cell functioning, potentially leading to cancer. UV or radioactivity are mutagenic agents that can promote mutations by damaging DNA.
