Худшие эмигранты США // Redroom

Redroom・2 minutes read

Various immigrant groups, including the Irish, Jews, Italians, Chinese, and Germans, faced challenges and discrimination upon arriving in the USA, shaping the country's history through their contributions to politics, culture, and economy. Despite facing adversity such as persecution, restrictions, and bias, these diverse immigrant populations played a significant role in shaping American society and identity.

Insights

  • The influx of Irish immigrants in the 19th century significantly impacted the demographics of New York, with half of the city's population being Irish by 1900, showcasing the substantial influence of this ethnic group on American society and culture.
  • The history of migration to the USA is marked by discriminatory practices and challenges faced by various ethnic groups, such as the Irish, Jews, Italians, and Chinese, highlighting the complex interplay of immigration, cultural assimilation, and social tensions throughout American history.

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Recent questions

  • What caused mass Irish emigration to the USA?

    The Irish famine in the 19th century.

  • How did Irish immigrants impact American politics?

    By supporting the Democratic Party.

  • What challenges did Jewish immigrants face in the USA?

    Adapting to physical labor from small-town professions.

  • Why were Chinese migrants prohibited from further migration in 1882?

    Due to local backlash and discrimination.

  • How did German immigrants assimilate during World War II?

    By changing names to avoid discrimination.

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Summary

00:00

Irish Immigration Shaped American Politics and Culture

  • Searching "migration crisis" on Google leads to information about the USA and a caravan of refugees crossing the Mexican border.
  • The Irish famine in the 19th century caused mass emigration to the USA, with 52,000 Irish arriving in New York in 1847.
  • By 1900, 50% of New York's population was Irish, with many settling in New England.
  • Earlier Irish immigrants were mainly Protestant, but in the 1840s, Catholic Irish arrived in large numbers.
  • The Catholic Irish faced discrimination due to their religion and lack of education, leading to competition for menial jobs.
  • During the Civil War, Irish immigrants fought in the Union army but were against the emancipation of slaves.
  • Irish nationalists, known as the Feni, carried out terrorist attacks in Canada and Great Britain in the 1860s.
  • The Irish faced persecution in the USA, with groups like the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner formed to expel them.
  • The Democratic Party in the USA gained support from the Irish diaspora, leading to a shift in their policies.
  • Irish immigrants played a significant role in shaping American politics and culture, becoming one of the largest ethnic groups in the country.

16:20

Immigrant Experiences in Early 20th Century USA

  • During the Civil War in the United States, General Grant evicted all Jews from front-line territories due to anti-Semitic beliefs, but around 10,000 Jews still fought in the war.
  • Jews began immigrating to the United States from the Russian Empire in the 19th century, with around 5,000 leaving annually by 1870, increasing after pogroms in the 1880s.
  • By the early 20th century, around 4 million Jews lived in New York, facing challenges due to their backgrounds as small-town professionals who had to adapt to physical labor in America.
  • Italian, Polish, Norwegian, and Ukrainian migrants also arrived in the USA for work, impacting local wages and leading to the emergence of ethnic crime and terrorism.
  • The Italian and Jewish Mafia collaborated in the USA, with the Prohibition era intensifying their activities and competition with the Poles and Irish.
  • Anarchists, including Yiddish anarchists, engaged in terrorism in the USA, with incidents like the assassination of President McKinley and bombings by Luigi Liani leading to government crackdowns.
  • The Palmer raids in the USA resulted in the arrest of 10,000 first-generation migrants, primarily anarchists and communists, with some being deported.
  • The Johnson Reed Act of 1924 introduced quotas for migrants to the USA, limiting the entry of Eastern and Southern Europeans, including Slavs and Italians.
  • Pogroms against Italians and other ethnic groups occurred in the USA, with the Ku Klux Klan targeting migrants, but Italians gained political influence over time.
  • Chinese migrants arrived in the USA during the Gold Rush and worked as cheap labor, facing discrimination and eventually being prohibited from further migration in 1882 due to local backlash.

30:52

Chinese and German Immigration in America

  • The Chinese immigration law was initially temporary for 10 years, extended for another 10, and then made permanent until 1943.
  • Chinese immigrants began coming illegally, with some becoming "paper sons" of US citizens for a fee.
  • After the San Francisco earthquake in 1906, Chinese residents who lived there for 10 years gained citizenship due to lost birth documents.
  • The number of Chinese in the USA fluctuated around 100,000 in the first half of the 20th century.
  • The USA opened its borders to Chinese during the Cold War, leading to a rapid increase in the Chinese population.
  • Germans arrived in America in the 1600s, with notable groups like the Amish and Swiss settling in different states.
  • German immigration surged in the 19th century, with millions arriving, especially during the Civil War and after the 1848 Revolutions.
  • Prohibition targeted German breweries, causing the beer sector to collapse, but German cultural restrictions were lifted by the 1930s.
  • During World War I, anti-German sentiment led to the closure of German cultural centers and restrictions on the German language.
  • World War II brought another wave of German immigrants, including scientists like von Braun, leading to assimilation and name changes to avoid discrimination.
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