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Physical Features of India | New One shot | Class 9 Geography 2024-25

Digraj Singh Rajput・60 minutes read

The text discusses the Physical Features of India, covering major physiographic divisions like the Himalaya Mountains, Northern Plains, Peninsula Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plain, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It explains the geographical characteristics, rivers, climate, and divisions of each region, emphasizing key features and distinctions.

Insights

The chapter delves into the major physiographic divisions of India, such as the Himalaya Mountains, Northern Plains, Peninsula Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plains, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The Northern Plains, formed by material from the Himalayas, feature depositional landforms like Bhangar and Khadar, with the Ganga-Yamuna confluence at Prayagraj known as the Doab.
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, part of the Purvanchal Mountain system, are elevated portions of submarine mountains in the Bay of Bengal, experiencing an equatorial climate and rich in fish resources.

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Recent questions

What are the major physiographic divisions of India?
The major physiographic divisions of India include the Himalaya Mountains, Northern Plain, Peninsula Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plain, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
How are the Himalaya Mountains divided?
The Himalaya Mountains consist of three ranges: Himadri, Himachal, and Shivalik, with Himadri being the northernmost and highest range.
What is the significance of the Northern Plains in India?
The Northern Plains in India cover an area of 7 lakh square kilometers and are formed by the deposition of eroded material from the Himalayan Mountains.
What is the Peninsula Plateau in India?
The Peninsula Plateau is the oldest landmass in India, formed by breaking and drifting off Gondwana Land, with the Narmada River flowing through it.
Where are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands located?
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located in the Bay of Bengal, part of the Purvanchal Mountain system, and experience an equatorial climate.

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Summary

00:00

Geography: Physical Features of India's Himalayas

The topic of the class is Physical Features of India, a chapter in geography.
The chapter covers major physiographic divisions of India, including the Himalaya Mountains, Northern Plain, Peninsula Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plain, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The Himalaya Mountains consist of three ranges: Himadri, Himachal, and Shivalik, with Himadri being the northernmost and highest range.
The Himalayas are 2400 kilometers long and 400 kilometers wide in Kashmir, narrowing to 150 kilometers in Arunachal Pradesh.
The Middle Himalaya range, also known as Himachal, lies between Himadri and Shivalik and includes hill stations with altitudes ranging from 3700 to 4500 meters.
The Pir Panjal Range is the longest range in the Himalayas, followed by the Dhauladhar and Mahabharata ranges.
The Shivalik Range, the outermost range, is composed of unconsolidated materials deposited by rivers from the Himalayan ranges.
The Himalayas can be divided into four sections: Himadri, Himachal, Shivalik, and the area between Himadri and Shivalik known as duns.
The duns are low-lying areas between mountain ranges that contain settlements and are known as dun valleys.
The formation of the Himalayas began with the Himadri range, followed by Himachal and Shivalik, with the innermost range being Himadri.

17:58

"Divisions and Features of the Himalayas"

The Himalayas can be divided into four sections: Punjab, Kumaon, Nepal, and Assam Himalayas.
Punjab Himalayas extend from the Indus River to the Sutlej River.
Kumaon Himalayas stretch from the Sutlej River to the Kali River.
Nepal Himalayas span from the Kali River to the Brahmaputra River.
Assam Himalayas, also known as Purvanchal or Eastern Hills and Mountains, extend beyond the Brahmaputra River.
The Northern Plains, parallel to the Himalayas, cover an area of 7 lakh square kilometers.
The Northern Plains are formed by the deposition of eroded material from the Himalayan Mountains.
The Northern Plains feature depositional landforms like Bhangar and Khadar.
Rivers in the Northern Plains form meanders and oxbow lakes before reaching the sea.
The meeting point of the Ganga and Yamuna rivers in Prayagraj is known as the Doab.

31:33

Evolution of Northern Plains in India

The region outside the Nandan plane used to be the Bhabar region, now it belongs to the Babar region.
The Terai region comes after Babar, where the stones come into the band.
The Terai region is characterized by relief, weight marshal, and reverse repair.
The Puri soil remains heavy with fame, especially in the Vat Swami region.
The Terai region was previously a forest before partition, with many people settling there after clearing the forest.
The streams in the Terai region begin to rise again, leading to the formation of the Khadar region.
The Khadar region is a fertile area close to the river bed, where new soil particles are deposited annually.
The Northern Plane is divided into four regions: Babar, Terai, Bhangarh, and Khadar, based on physiographic structure.
The Northern Plains are divided into Punjab, Ganga, and Brahmaputra Plains, based on the rivers flowing through them.
The Peninsula Plateau is the oldest landmass in India, formed by breaking and drifting off Gondwana Land.

45:34

Geography of India: Rivers, Plateaus, Coasts

Vidya is located in the center line like Vindhyachal, originating from the Amarkantak Plateau, and flows into the Narmada River.
The Narmada River is a seasonal river, flowing eastward from the Deccan Plateau, created by volcanic eruptions.
The Deccan Plateau is sandwiched between the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats, major parts of the Peninsula Plate.
Western Ghats cause orographic rainfall due to the wind blowing from the Arabian Sea, resulting in precipitation.
Eastern Ghats stretch from the Mahanadi River in Orissa to the Nilgiri Hills in the south, with an average elevation of 900 to 1600 meters.
Mahendra Giri is the highest peak of the Eastern Ghats, reaching 1501 meters, with other prominent hills like Javadi Hills.
The Indian Desert, including the Thar Desert, is located towards the western margins of the Aravalli Hills, receiving low rainfall below 150 mm.
The Indian Desert region is covered with sandy dunes due to the arid climate and the presence of the Luni River, the only major river in the area.
The Western Coastal Plain is divided into Konkan Coast, Kannada Coast, and Malabar Coast, while the Eastern Coastal Plain is divided into Coromandel Coast and Northern Sarkar Coast.
The physiographic division ends with the Bhabar region, characterized by pebbles and streams dispersing close to the Shivalik Hills, leading to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands being larger than Ireland.

01:01:14

Equatorial Andaman-Nicobar Islands: Submarine Mountains & Climate

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are divided into two categories: Andaman in the North and Nicobar in the South.
These islands are elevated portions of submarine mountains close to the Equator, experiencing an equatorial climate.
Only 20% of children correctly identified the islands experiencing an equatorial climate as Nicobar and Andaman.
The islands are part of the Purvanchal Mountain system, not the Himalayas.
The islands are located in the Bay of Bengal, extending from North to South.
The islands are part of the Lakshadweep and Andaman Nicobar groups, with Lakshadweep being smaller.
Lakshadweep is known as the pilot and was renamed as Badal's Lakshyadeep in 1973.
The islands are part of the Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau, with the Aravalli Hills to the west.
The coastal plains of the islands are rich in fish and provide a base for port activities.

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