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Periodic Properties | Lec - 1| Class 11| NEET 2025 | Aarambh Series | Nitesh Devnani

NEET Adda247・74 minutes read

The series focuses on chemistry topics like periodic properties and atomic structure, offering offline papers and OMR sheets for Independence Day sale. It underscores the importance of modern periodic table evolution and concepts like Majle's law, emphasizing the role of atomic number in studying elements.

Insights

The modern periodic table is based on Majle's law, emphasizing the direct relationship between frequency and atomic number, with constants a and b playing a crucial role in understanding the table's organization.
Understanding atomic radius and internuclear distance is essential, with the complexities of measuring these parameters highlighted, underscoring the significance of charge in determining effectiveness and the necessity of approximations due to the challenges in precise measurements.

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Recent questions

What is the importance of the periodic table?
The periodic table organizes elements based on atomic number.
How do atomic properties vary in the periodic table?
Atomic size changes left to right and top to bottom.
What are transition elements known for?
Transition elements have incomplete d orbitals and multiple oxidation states.
How are atomic radius and ionization energy related?
Effective nuclear charge influences atomic radius and ionization energy.
What is the significance of charge in determining effectiveness?
Positive charge enhances effectiveness, while negative charge diminishes it.

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Summary

00:00

Chemistry Series: Periodic Properties and Majle's Law

The series is focused on completing basic concepts in chemistry, with the next target being periodic properties after atomic structure.
Offline papers and OMR sheets are being dispatched to students' homes, with an Independence Day sale offering test series and three books.
Special ranks are being dispatched based on performance, with orders being taken and dispatch already started.
Aarohan batch is introduced for individual subject-wise study, offering videos, solutions, mentorship, and live classes.
The batch includes access to a bridge course, DPPs, and tests, with the GNT 77 code providing a discount.
The periodic table is essential for efficient study of elements, with the modern form rejecting earlier discoveries for better organization.
The modern form of the periodic table is based on Majle's law, stating that frequency is directly proportional to atomic number.
Majle's law formula is under the root of frequency equals a * z - b, with a and b being constants.
The periodic table's modern form focuses on atomic number over atomic mass, emphasizing the importance of understanding constants a and b.
The periodic table's evolution from earlier discoveries like Dobereiner's Triad and Mendeleev's table is highlighted, with Majle's law being foundational.

13:33

"Modern Majle Law: Periodic Table Essentials"

Majle Law is the modern form of the periodic table, based on periodic properties like atomic radius, effective nuclear charge, and ionization energy.
The periodic properties depend on the atomic number, which determines the trends in the periodic table.
Moving left to right in the periodic table affects atomic size, while moving from top to bottom influences atomic properties.
Electronic confinement in groups like Group 1 and Group 17 leads to similar properties among elements.
The modern periodic table faces controversy due to the placement of hydrogen, which matches properties of both Group 1 and Group 17.
The periodic table consists of 18 groups, 7 periods, and 4 blocks (S, P, D, F).
The F block contains two series: Lanthanides (Z=58 to 71) and Actinoids (Z=90 to 103).
Lanthanides are present in Group 3, Period 6, while Actinoids are in Group 3, Period 7.
Lanthanides are part of the D block, while Actinoids are part of the F block.
Transition elements have incompletely filled d orbitals in their ground state and exhibit various oxidation states.

28:19

"Electron Configurations and Naming Conventions"

Five boxes prepared with five electrons filled in each
Discussion on incomplete feeding of d orbitals and transition elements like Manganese
Explanation of pseudo transition elements like Cadmium and Mercury in Group 12
Understanding of completely filled d orbitals and electronic configuration of Zinc
Explanation of representative elements in the periodic table
Discussion on diagonal relationships between elements in different periods
Explanation of similar properties due to similar ionic sizes in diagonal relationships
Nomenclature of elements with atomic numbers above 100 and the naming conventions
Introduction of rules for naming newly discovered elements
Explanation of suffixes used in naming elements based on their atomic numbers

42:20

Decoding Effective Nuclear Charge in Chemistry

Organic beauty is different from regular beauty, with a focus on sept and hept.
Naming the forest involves using paint and adding the suffix "mm."
Understanding the effective nuclear charge is crucial in studying properties like atomic radius and ionization energy.
In a single electron system, the force of attraction is determined by the number of protons.
The shield effect, created by inner electrons, reduces the force of attraction in multi-electron systems.
The more positive charge, the more effective the element is in the periodic table.
To determine the most effective element, consider the root of the positive charge.
The trick to identifying effectiveness is to correlate higher positive charges with greater effectiveness.
The Maha Pack offers free access to additional resources for further learning.
Utilize tricks and direct answers to navigate complex concepts like effective nuclear charge effectively.

56:40

"Charge Determines Effectiveness, Radius Measurement Challenges"

The order of charge and effectiveness is crucial, with more positive charge leading to increased effectiveness.
The plot being neutral indicates a lack of charge, affecting its effectiveness.
The presence of positive charge correlates with increased effectiveness, while negative charge diminishes it.
The greater the positive charge, the more impactful the effect, highlighting the importance of charge in effectiveness.
Negative charge results in reduced effectiveness, emphasizing the role of charge in determining impact.
The concept of Z effective is discussed, with positive charge enhancing it and negative charge diminishing it.
The difficulty in measuring atomic radius is explained due to the small size of atoms and the uncertainty in determining their exact boundaries.
The Kovalenko Valiant Radius is defined as half the internuclear distance between two bonded atoms, showcasing a method to estimate atomic radius.
The challenges in accurately determining atomic radius are acknowledged, with approximations being necessary due to potential errors.
The significance of charge in determining effectiveness and the complexities of measuring atomic radius are highlighted, underscoring the intricacies of these concepts.

01:12:23

Understanding Atomic Radius and Internuclear Distance

The text discusses the concept of atomic radius and internuclear distance.
It explains that when atoms are the same, the internuclear distance is equal to the radius of one atom.
Different atoms have different sizes due to their different nuclei.
The text introduces the formula for calculating the internuclear distance, involving the difference in electronegativity.
It emphasizes the importance of mock tests for academic success.
The metallic radius is half the internuclear distance between two atoms.
The van der Waals radius is half the internuclear distance between molecules in a non-bonded state.
The text mentions the Kovalenko, Wonder Wall, and Collen radii, with metallic radius being the largest.
Noble gases are used to calculate atomic radii, particularly in group 18.

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