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Nios Class 12th History Most Important Questions with Answers | Complete Syllabus Marathon

Manish Verma Official・194 minutes read

The video addresses key questions and concepts for class 12th history exams, emphasizing the importance of thorough preparation. It covers essential chapters and question types, providing detailed explanations in both Hindi and English for better understanding.

Insights

The video provides detailed guidance for class 12th history exams, explaining key questions and answers thoroughly.
It covers the entire history syllabus, highlighting essential chapters for exam preparation.
Different question types like MCQs and concept-based questions are explained in depth.
The video emphasizes understanding historical concepts to answer questions accurately.
The significance of Harappa and the Indus Valley Civilization, including details about the Great Bath in Harappa, is elaborated upon.
The video offers explanations in both Hindi and English for better comprehension.
Various historical events and figures, like the Mughal dynasty's beginning with Babar's attack and the League of Nations' establishment, are discussed, underlining the importance of thorough exam preparation.

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Recent questions

What are the key chapters for class 12 history exams?
The video highlights crucial chapters for exam preparation.
How does the video explain different question types?
The video delves into MCQs and concept-based questions.
What historical context does the video elaborate on?
The video discusses Harappa and the Indus Valley Civilization.
Why is understanding concepts emphasized in the video?
The video stresses understanding concepts for accurate answers.
How does the video aid in exam preparation?
The video provides explanations in Hindi and English.

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Summary

00:00

"Class 12 History Exam Prep Video"

The video provides important questions for class 12th history exams, explaining each question and answer thoroughly.
It emphasizes the significance of watching the video for those appearing in exams in April, October, or on demand.
The video covers the entire syllabus, detailing which chapters will appear in the exam and which won't.
Specific chapters from the history syllabus are highlighted as crucial for exam preparation.
The video explains that it's impossible to cover the entire syllabus in one video due to the complexity of the questions.
Different types of questions, like MCQs and concept-based questions, are explained in detail.
The video delves into the significance of understanding the concepts behind the questions to answer accurately.
The historical context of Harappa and the Indus Valley Civilization is elaborated upon, including details about the Great Bath in Harappa.
The video provides explanations in both Hindi and English mediums for better understanding.
Various questions related to Harappan civilization, Vedic texts, and Ayurveda are discussed, emphasizing the importance of thorough preparation for exams.

11:06

Key Historical Events in India's Past

The Elephant Cave Inscription is significant for future generations to understand history.
Kalidas, a renowned poet, was associated with a royal court.
Chandragupta was part of the Shri Group and associated with Kalidas.
The Pallava Dynasty ruled the southern part of India, with its capital in Kanchi.
Babar's attack in 1526 marked the beginning of the Mughal dynasty in India.
The Subsidiary Treaty, proposed in 1798, allowed British control over Indian states.
The Revolt of 1857 started in Meerut on May 10th, led by Mangal Pandey.
Anand Math, composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, is a significant literary work.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak initiated the celebration of Ganesh Utsav in India in 1893.
The League of Nations, established in 1919, aimed to prevent future world wars but failed to do so.

22:21

Key Events in Indian History

The wall between western and eastern Germany was broken in 1961.
Pablo Picasso was famous for his multi-dimensional view of figures in paintings from the modernist perspective of Spain.
The Dilwara temple is located in Rajasthan.
Chandragupta II succeeded Samudragupta as king in 380 BC.
Robert Clive initiated the dual governance system in India during the British rule.
The industrial revolution first took place in England around 1750.
Sidhu and Kanu were leaders of the Santhal rebellion against British colonization.
The Government of India Act was passed in 1935 by the British.
The Stupa in Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, is an example of religious architecture.
Jaziya was a personal tax imposed on non-Muslims during the Mughal era.

32:52

Indian History Highlights

Kali Banganinetworkmarketing found signs of plowing in Harappan Civilization.
The basic unit of Rig Vedic society was the family.
The Parthians originated from Iran.
Karikal, a Chola ruler, built a dam on the Kaveri river.
Prabhavati Gupta, daughter of Chandragupta II, married Rudra Sen II.
The agreement between Golconda and Vijapur was signed in 1636.
Khanqahs were built by Sufis to spread awareness of the Muslim religion.
The British East India Company's monopoly on trade with India was abolished in 1813.
The first newspaper in India was the Bengal Gazette, published by James August Hickey in 1780.
Madhubani painting developed in Bihar.

44:23

Vedas, Gotra, Sangam, Samudragupta, Ulema, Chahalgani, Law, Press, Komagata Maru, Cold War

The Vedas, including Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda, are crucial for understanding the social, cultural, religious, and political systems of the Vedic period.
Gotra refers to the lineage or descendants of an ancestor, determining marriage eligibility within Hinduism.
Sangam literature originated from a meeting of poets in South India, leading to the creation of a significant literary text.
Samudragupta, a king following Chandragupta I, adopted the CONCUS policy, leading to numerous victorious wars and promoting education.
Ulema are Muslim religious scholars responsible for resolving religious disputes and upholding religious knowledge.
Chahalgani, established by Iltutmish, was a group of 40 aristocrats who supported economic activities and the king's rule.
The rule of law ensures equality before the law, emphasizing that all individuals are equal in the eyes of the law.
The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 restricted the publication of articles criticizing the British rule.
The Komagata Maru incident involved a ship carrying immigrants to Canada being denied entry, leading to a clash with the police and casualties.
The Cold War between the USA and USSR, marked by the Cuban Missile Crisis, eventually saw a detente or relaxation of tensions before resuming in 1979.

56:17

"League's Failure, Archeology, and Ancient Scripts"

Greater rural peace was imposed on Germany, leading to a deduction.
Understanding the concept is crucial for utilizing the method effectively.
The League of Nations was formed post-World War I, with nations pledging to prevent war.
The League's failure to prevent World War II led to its demise.
The New Economic Policy was introduced, involving the USA and USSR.
Answering exam questions requires precise numbering and lettering.
Archeology reveals historical information through the study of material culture.
Harappan script remains undeciphered, showcasing ancient writing.
The Harappan Civilization's drainage system featured covered drains and pits for waste.
The Gandhara style blended Greek, Roman, and Indian influences in sculpture.

01:06:45

Indian History: Rulers, Religion, and Reforms

Samudra Gupta received money from rulers of South East Asia to prevent capture
Achievements of Samudragupta are known from the Allahabad Pillar article
Mahmud of Ghazni attacked India between 1000 and 1026 for looting wealth and temples
Jagir system was introduced by the Mughals in the 13th century under the Delhi Sultanate
Guru Nanak's teachings include salvation through a true Guru, living truthfully, and serving others
Sufism aims to establish a love relationship between man and God
Sufism features include spiritual gurus, miracles, and pilgrimage to dargahs
Sufism started in India in the 11th century during the medieval period
Lord Dalhousie's merger policy involved taking direct control of Indian states
Raja Ram Mohan Roy opposed Sati, promoted modern education, and worked on social reforms
Cultural nationalism in India aimed to awaken love for the country through traditional culture and opposition to colonial influences.

01:16:48

"Indian Cultural Nationalism and Historical Significance"

Cultural nationalism involves opposing elements of traditional Indian culture, such as untouchability and caste discrimination.
Colonial culture, like that of the British, is criticized by cultural nationalism for its oppressive nature.
The Gandhi-Irwin Agreement of 1931 aimed to release arrested individuals during the Civil Disobedience Movement and waive off fines imposed by the British.
Operation Barbarossa was Germany's attack on the Soviet Union during World War II, commencing on June 22, 1941.
The operation failed due to Germany's inability to withstand the harsh Russian winter, leading to a Soviet counterattack.
The Truman Doctrine, named after President Truman, aimed to prevent the spread of communism by providing economic aid to Western European countries.
Mahajanapadas in ancient India were divided into monarchy and republic systems, with conflicts arising between them.
Traditional Indian clothing holds significance in colors, with red symbolizing fertility, white purity, and black considered inauspicious.
Medieval Indian states, like the Delhi Sultanate, had a currency system comprising copper, silver, and gold coins.
Different rulers minted various coins, such as the 175 green copper coin and the 145 green gold coin issued by the Lodis.

01:28:37

Crafting Civilization: Art, Trade, and Agriculture

Objective answers are crucial in question types, regardless of the teaching method.
Long answer questions provide an advantage in covering chapters comprehensively.
Harappan Civilization industries included pottery and metalwork, with a focus on gold and silver.
Craftsmanship in Harappan Civilization involved intricate pottery and metal jewelry.
Beads were a significant craft in Harappan Civilization, often made with precious stones.
Trade and cultural interactions were prevalent in Harappan and non-Harappan civilizations.
Non-Harappan Chalcolithic people focused on agriculture, animal husbandry, and craft production.
Post-Vedic period saw a shift towards commercialized agriculture, emphasizing crops for trade.
Religious rituals in agriculture evolved during the post-Vedic period, connecting worship with farming.
Advancements in farming techniques and technologies characterized the later Vedic period.

01:40:36

Evolution of Ancient Indian Architecture and Society

Stupas were traditionally made, but now molds are used for construction.
Sanche's stupa marked the end of a significant point in rock architecture.
Buildings were constructed using sap extracted from rocks.
Temples were built with seven Vahanas if there was a Vahana dynasty.
The king of Pune in Maharashtra was associated with rock-cut rocks near Nashik.
A gate was hollowed out of a ridge in rocks for architectural purposes.
Buddhism was divided into Hinayana and Mahayana, each with distinct styles of worship.
The Gupta period was known for considerable agricultural expansion and the minting of pure gold coins.
Brahmins held a supreme social position during the Gupta period, with increasing caste divisions.
The political and administrative system of the Gupta period was characterized by nepotism and a centralized structure with three zones: central, state, and local.

01:52:09

Evolution of Indian Administration and Nationalism

In the past, there were officers known as spies who extracted information secretly, which was sensitive and reached the king, similar to modern-day intelligence agencies like CID and the Intelligence Bureau.
The detective during that time ensured that the king's orders were obeyed, and if anyone committed violence, they faced punishments such as being thrown out of the capital, fined, jailed, or even physically mutilated.
Alauddin Khilji focused on the military strength by taking care of the horses, which played a crucial role in the army and market control, regulating taxes and discipline systematically.
The administrative system of Delhi Sultanate lasted from 1206 to 1526, succeeded by the Mughal period starting with Babar in 1526, with various rulers like Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, and Aurangzeb.
In the Delhi Sultanate, the supreme sultan appointed a group of 40 aristocrats called chahalgani to assist in governing, while the Ulema, knowledgeable in Islamic law, resolved religious disputes and maintained justice.
The administrative system under the Mughals included a central administration with a supreme emperor, a second-in-command, and ministers like Wazir, Diwan Arj, Diwan Isa, and Deewane Risalat, each responsible for military, correspondence, and justice matters.
The Mughal period introduced the Mansabdar system, where powerful individuals were granted mansabs based on the number of horses they owned, with Mir Baksi overseeing military administration and Sadar managing the chief of the department.
The Mughal administration also included Deewane Kul for financial supervision, Mir Vaksi for military administration, and Mir Sama for overseeing storage and production for royal families, along with provincial and local administrations for law, order, agriculture, trade, and tax collection.
The development of Indian nationalism was closely linked to the Indian National Movement, with movements like Satyagraha, Non-cooperation, and Civil Disobedience led by Gandhi, aiming to unite Indians against British rule and ultimately leading to India's independence in 1947.
The awakening of nationalism among Indians was fueled by the British atrocities and the sense of solidarity against a common enemy, encouraging people to set aside differences and come together for the national cause, leading to the rise of the Indian National Movement.

02:03:23

Impact of Nationalism on India's Independence Movement

India's independence was not in 1947 but in 1857, which could have united people and shaken the British foundation.
Nationalism played a crucial role in uniting people and fostering mass protests.
The feeling of nationalism led to the promotion of Indian culture and the rise of Indian leaders and social reformers.
The movement against the British was influenced by events like the First World War, which had significant reasons behind it.
The First World War, lasting from 1914 to 1918, was triggered by the assassination of Ferdinand in Bosnia.
The war involved two main groups: the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire) and the Allies (Russia, UK, France, America, Japan, Italy).
India's involvement in the war showcased its importance to Britain, with 19 lakh Indian soldiers participating.
The war, known as the Great War or Global War, resulted in the loss of 1.2 crore lives, including civilians and soldiers.
The main reasons for World War I were militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism.
The war highlighted the destructive impact of military competition, alliances, imperialistic ambitions, and nationalist sentiments.

02:16:32

Global conflicts and rise of totalitarian regimes.

Britain and France were unable to match each other due to Britain's enslavement of about 25 countries worldwide.
The competition between countries led to a focus on military power and the development of advanced weapons like tanks and machine guns during World War I.
The military buildup was driven by the desire to increase army size and weapon capabilities, fostering a sense of competition among nations.
The formation of alliances, like the Triple Entente in 1907 between Russia, France, and Britain, set the stage for World War I.
The conflict escalated when Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia, leading to a chain reaction involving Russia, Britain, France, and Germany.
The League of Nations was established after World War I to prevent future conflicts, with Germany being held responsible and fined for its role in the war.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 aimed to overthrow Czar Nicholas and establish a republican state, leading to the rise of communism in Russia.
Fascism emerged in Italy under Mussolini's National Fascist Party, promoting a one-party dictatorship and the use of force to maintain control.
Nazism rose in Germany, emphasizing nationalism, militarism, and anti-Semitism under the leadership of Adolf Hitler.
Militarism in Japan also grew after World War I, fueling expansionist policies and aggressive actions in Asia.

02:28:59

Rise of Dictators and Global Conflicts

Mussolini declared himself a dictator, asserting that no one was above the government or him, with strict consequences for non-compliance.
Restrictions were imposed on non-fascist political parties, allowing only the National Fascist Party to operate in Italy under Mussolini's dictatorship.
After World War I, Germany faced similar internal narcissism, leading to restrictions on military expansion and the formation of a new constitution in 1919.
Hitler formed the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) in 1921, presenting his ideologies to the public, eventually gaining majority in Parliament in 1922.
Hitler's Nazi party advocated for supreme state power, targeting Jews as a threat to his authority, leading to the Holocaust and millions of deaths.
Germany's attack on Russia during World War II led to Hitler's suicide, marking the end of World War II and the fall of the Nazi regime.
Japan also embraced military dictatorship, expanding its territories through aggressive actions in China, Korea, and other regions.
World War II involved two main groups - Axis Powers (Germany, Japan, Italy) and Allied Powers (USA, Britain, France, Russia), leading to significant global conflicts.
The Cold War emerged post-World War II between the USA and USSR, marked by ideological differences and the development of nuclear weapons.
The Cold War's different phases spanned from 1945 to 1991, with the initial phase starting from the Russian Revolution in 1917 and escalating tensions between the USA and USSR.

02:41:03

Post-World War II Global Political Developments

On August 9th, Nagasaki was cleared on August 18, 1945, by the US.
Free elections were held in Eastern Europe after World War II.
The Rachan Revolution, also known as the Lasik Revolution of 1917, marked the first phase of a larger movement.
From 1946 to 1953, significant political events unfolded, including Churchill's Fulton speech.
Truman's presidency saw rebellions against communism in Greece, Turkey, and Iran, with the US supporting anti-communist movements.
The Marshall Plan provided financial assistance to Western European countries to prevent Soviet influence.
The Berlin Blockade in 1948 divided Germany into East and West, leading to the establishment of NATO in 1949.
Korea was divided into North and South in 1949, leading to the Korean War between communism and capitalism.
China adopted communism in 1949, causing tension between the US and USSR.
The US signed a peace treaty with Japan in 1951, taking responsibility for Japan's security.

02:54:09

Cuban Crisis: USA vs USSR in 1962

The escalation of tensions between the USSR and the USA led to the Cuban Crisis in 1962, where Fidel Castro replaced General Batista in Cuba, shifting the country towards socialism with Soviet Union's support, causing American investments to fall into government hands.
The Cuban Crisis heightened when the USSR assured Cuba of support, leading to a potential escalation towards a world war, emphasizing the delicate balance of power between the USA and the USSR during this critical period.

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