Multiple Sclerosis: ALS, Guillain-Barre Syndrome & Myasthenia Gravis- Medical Surgical | @LevelUpRN
Level Up RN・2 minutes read
Cathy from Level Up RN discusses Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, and Myasthenia Gravis, covering symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments, as well as nursing care for each disorder. Key points include the autoimmune nature of these disorders, diagnostic procedures, and specific nursing interventions to maintain patient health and safety.
Insights
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that damages the myelin sheath and nerves, leading to various symptoms like vision problems, muscle spasticity, and cognitive changes. Diagnosis involves MRI and lumbar puncture, with treatments including immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.
- Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is another autoimmune disorder causing severe muscle weakness with exacerbations and remissions. Diagnosis includes electromyography and edrophonium test, while treatments consist of cholinergic agents and plasmapheresis. Nursing care focuses on airway maintenance, ambulation assistance, and eye care to prevent corneal damage.
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Recent questions
What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
MS is an autoimmune disorder that damages the myelin sheath and nerves, leading to scar tissue formation. Symptoms include vision issues, muscle spasticity, balance problems, and cognitive changes.
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Summary
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Neurological Disorders: MS, ALS, GBS, MG Summary
- Cathy from Level Up RN discusses nervous system disorders: Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), and Myasthenia Gravis (MG).
- MS is an autoimmune disorder damaging the myelin sheath and nerves, leading to scar tissue formation. Symptoms include vision issues, muscle spasticity, balance problems, and cognitive changes.
- Diagnosis of MS involves MRI for plaques and lumbar puncture for increased protein levels. Treatments include immunosuppressants, corticosteroids during exacerbations, and interferon beta for long-term management.
- ALS is a neurodegenerative disease causing progressive muscle weakness and loss of voluntary movement. Diagnosis is symptom-based, and Riluzole can slow motor neuron deterioration.
- Nursing care for ALS focuses on maintaining a patent airway and monitoring for respiratory issues, as patients may become ventilator-dependent.
- GBS is an autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system, causing sudden weakness and paralysis. Treatment includes plasmapheresis and IVIG, with nursing care emphasizing airway maintenance and monitoring for respiratory complications.
- MG is an autoimmune disorder causing severe muscle weakness, characterized by exacerbations and remissions. Diagnosis involves electromyography and edrophonium test. Treatments include cholinergic agents, immunosuppressants, plasmapheresis, and thymectomy.
- Nursing care for MG involves maintaining a patent airway, assisting with ambulation, providing high-calorie meals, and monitoring for aspiration and choking. Eye care is crucial to prevent corneal damage.
- A quiz at the end tests knowledge on MS, GBS, and MG, covering key points on relapsing-remitting nature of MS, symmetrical muscle weakness in GBS, and edrophonium use in diagnosing MG crises.
