METALS & NON METALS in 30 Minutes || Mind Map Series for Class 10th
Physics Wallah Foundation・2 minutes read
Metals and nonmetals have various physical and chemical properties, including exceptions to the norm, reactions with different substances like oxygen, water, and acids, and the reactivity series in salt solutions. Different methods are used to obtain metals based on their reactivity levels and prevent corrosion, such as roasting, electrolytic reduction, and protective coatings like oiling and galvanization.
Insights
- Metals possess various physical and chemical properties, such as malleability, conductivity, and reactivity with substances like oxygen, water, and acids, which define their behavior in different contexts.
- The extraction and processing of metals involve complex procedures based on their reactivity levels, with methods ranging from roasting sulphides to electrolytic reduction, alongside corrosion prevention techniques like oiling, greasing, and alloying to maintain their integrity and functionality.
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Recent questions
What are the physical properties of metals and non-metals?
Metals are malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity, lustrous, generally hard, with high melting and boiling points, and solid at room temperature except for mercury. Non-metals are brittle, not ductile, poor conductors of heat and electricity, not lustrous, generally soft, with low melting and boiling points, existing as solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature.
How do metals react with oxygen, water, and dilute acid?
Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides, with varying reactivity levels leading to different reaction intensities. They also react with water to form metal hydroxide or metal oxide, releasing hydrogen gas, and with dilute acids to produce salt and hydrogen gas, depending on their reactivity levels.
What is Aqua Regia and its significance in chemistry?
Aqua Regia is a highly corrosive liquid made of concentrated nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in a 1:3 ratio. It is capable of dissolving metals like gold and platinum due to its strong oxidizing properties.
How do metals react in salt solutions and what is the reactivity series?
More reactive metals displace less reactive metals in salt solutions, following the reactivity series where metals higher in the series displace those lower in such solutions.
How are non-metals different from metals in terms of chemical properties?
Non-metals can gain electrons to form negative ions, react with oxygen to produce non-metallic oxides, and do not react with water or acids but can displace each other in salt solutions, showcasing distinct chemical properties compared to metals.
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