Medical Interventions (TRT, HGH, Stem Cells, etc.) For Longevity | Lifespan w Dr. David Sinclair #5

David Sinclair・2 minutes read

The Lifespan podcast delves into aging science, discussing potential longevity solutions like testosterone replacement therapy, growth hormone supplementation, peptides, exosomes, and stem cell therapy, with a focus on balancing benefits against risks for maintaining health. Cutting-edge research shows promise in reversing aging processes, such as rejuvenating nerves in mice and resetting genes to a youthful state, leading to potential human trials for restoring vision and achieving age reversal without negative side effects.

Insights

Hormone supplementation like testosterone and growth hormone can offer short-term benefits but may pose long-term health risks, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy balance to avoid complications.
Cellular reprogramming utilizing specific genes has shown success in reversing cellular aging without negative side effects, with potential applications in treating age-related conditions and diseases.

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Recent questions

What is discussed in the Lifespan podcast?
Aging science and health improvement strategies.
What are the benefits of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT)?
Improved libido, muscle mass, and vitality.
How can hormone balance impact aging?
Excessive supplementation may accelerate aging.
What are peptides and their benefits?
Amino acid chains aiding cellular communication.
How are exosomes utilized in anti-aging efforts?
Cellular signalers promoting longevity.

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Summary

00:00

"Longevity Solutions: Balancing Hormones for Health"

The Lifespan podcast discusses aging science and ways to improve health at any life stage, hosted by David Sinclair, a genetics professor at Harvard Medical School.
The podcast explores aging biology, home-based health practices, and the need for medical supervision for certain interventions.
Stem cell therapy, peptides, exosomes, testosterone, growth hormone, and epigenetic reprogramming are discussed as potential longevity solutions.
Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is popular for addressing age-related testosterone decline, with benefits for libido, muscle mass, and vitality.
TRT may have side effects like sleep apnea, breast enlargement, prostate issues, and blood clot risks, potentially impacting longevity.
Human growth hormone (HGH) supplementation is common for muscle growth and fat reduction but may pose long-term health risks like cancer and heart disease.
Studies on growth hormone signaling in animals suggest lower levels may promote longevity, contrasting with the short-term benefits of HGH.
Immediate side effects of HGH include joint pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, insulin resistance, and increased diabetes risk, resembling aging symptoms.
Excessive hormone supplementation can accelerate aging by signaling abundance to the body, potentially leading to health complications.
Maintaining a healthy balance of hormones is crucial, as excessive supplementation may provide short-term benefits but pose long-term health risks.

12:48

"Peptides: Natural Hormone Boosters for Health"

Working out bigger muscles like thighs and back can naturally increase testosterone levels.
Eating at the right time and getting good sleep can boost growth hormone levels.
If natural methods fail, consult a doctor for supplementation to maintain healthy hormone levels.
Peptides, smaller amino acid chains, aid cellular communication and can be synthesized for various benefits.
Peptides can enhance cellular communication, potentially aiding in anti-aging efforts.
Peptides can be adversity or abundance mimetics, with insulin being a well-studied example.
Peptides have been synthesized using recombinant DNA technology since the 1970s.
Peptides are relatively safe due to being naturally found in the body and are metabolized quickly.
Peptides can promote regenerative signaling, aiding in recovery, wound healing, and mitochondrial activity.
Various peptides like MOTS-C, BP-157, and GHK-Copper have shown potential benefits, but scientific validation is still needed.

24:55

Exosomes and Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine

MOTS-C is a peptide with promising potential in mimicking adversity.
Peptides and exosomes are both cellular signalers, but exosomes are membrane-bound vesicles containing various messages like peptides, DNA, RNA, and micro RNAs.
Exosomes can be used for diagnosing diseases, including cancer, and potentially simulating adversity to promote longevity.
Exosomes can be collected from blood for diagnosing injuries and diseases, with companies like Zar Therapeutics analyzing their cargo for specific signatures.
Injecting exosomes into mice has shown benefits in injury recovery and longevity, with potential applications in reversing aging-related diseases.
Exosomes have been used to rejuvenate senescent cells, potentially reversing aging effects and promoting healthy cell growth.
Stem cells are cells that can divide to produce different tissues, with pluripotent stem cells capable of becoming any cell type.
Yamanaka factors, including KLF4, SOX2, c-MYC, and LIN28, can reprogram adult cells into pluripotent stem cells for tissue regeneration.
Reprogramming cells with Yamanaka factors can be done using viruses like adeno-associated viruses, allowing for efficient gene delivery and manipulation.
Pluripotent stem cells offer potential for treating conditions where cells are not functioning correctly, providing a promising avenue for regenerative medicine.

37:01

Stem Cells: Cancer Risk and Aging Factors

Pluripotent cells, particularly induced pluripotent cells, can lead to cancer if allowed to grow unchecked in a body, resulting in teratomas, a dangerous form of cancer.
Stem cell therapies currently favor harvested stem cells over induced pluripotent stem cells due to the cancer risk.
Autologous stem cells, taken from various body parts like fat cells, are commonly used in therapies after purification and freezing.
Stem cells age and undergo epigenetic changes, affecting their ability to regenerate tissues, leading to issues like gray hair and hair loss.
Cord blood, captured at a young age, can be banked for future use in replacing blood or growing new tissues.
Stem cells can be isolated from adults, but their aging process can lead to dysfunction and competition with other cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells should be banked when young to potentially replace the immune system in old age.
Stem cells are utilized in various diseases for tissue regeneration, including spinal cord injuries, diabetes, Parkinson's, and heart disease.
Stem cell therapies have shown promise in improving mobility, reducing cytokine levels, and enhancing quality of life in older patients.
Cellular reprogramming using specific genes has shown success in reversing the age of cells and tissues, offering a potential anti-aging solution without negative side effects.

48:54

Age Reversal Restores Vision in Mice

Mice aged to one year were blind, confirmed by their opto-motor response to moving lines.
Nerves in mice were rejuvenated, genes reset to a youthful state, restoring vision almost fully.
Rejuvenation not limited to nerve cells; skin, muscle cells, and eye structures also reset to a youthful state.
Human trials to restore vision in patients with glaucoma or genetic diseases are anticipated within a year or year and a half.
Rejuvenation process involves resetting the epigenetic code, not the genetic code, to a youthful state.
Triple treatment involving growth hormone, DHEA, and Metformin reversed biological age by two and a half years in men aged 51 to 65.
Various clocks like the Horvath or proteomics clock are used to measure aging in different tissues, not just blood.
Ongoing research aims to understand the mechanisms behind age reversal and develop potential treatments like pills instead of gene therapy.

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