Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Immunity Explained
Science ABC・6 minutes read
The immune system has two main parts: innate immunity, the initial defense system, which includes physical, chemical, and cellular defenses, and adaptive immunity, which involves T and B lymphocytes forming memory cells to enhance immune response over time. T-cells respond to infections, B-cells fight pathogens, and memory cells maintain a record of encountered infections for future reference.
Insights
- The immune system comprises innate immunity, the body's initial defense, and adaptive immunity, a more precise defense that can identify specific pathogens.
- Memory cells produced by both B-cells and T-cells store information about encountered infections, enhancing the immune response in subsequent encounters with the same pathogens.
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Recent questions
What are the two main parts of the immune system?
Innate immunity and adaptive immunity
What are some examples of physical barriers in innate immunity?
Skin and mucous lining
How do B-cells and T-cells contribute to the immune response?
By recognizing and targeting pathogens
What is the function of memory cells in the immune system?
Maintain a record of encountered infections
How does adaptive immunity differ from innate immunity?
Adaptive immunity is more specialized and efficient
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Summary
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Understanding the Body's Immune Defense System
- The immune system is our body's defense mechanism against various threats like germs, mechanical injuries, and foreign particles.
- It consists of two main parts: innate immunity, which is the body's initial defense system, and adaptive immunity, which is more efficient and can differentiate between different pathogens.
- Innate immunity includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous lining, chemical barriers like lysozyme and stomach acid, as well as cellular defenses like mast cells, phagocytes, Natural Killer Cells, and dendritic cells.
- Adaptive immunity involves T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, with T-cells responding to infections and B-cells joining the fight against pathogens. Helper T-cells form effector T-cells and memory T-cells for future reference.
- Both B-cells and T-cells produce memory cells that maintain a record of encountered infections, strengthening the body's immune response over time.
