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How Planet Earth Formed? | Earth’s Origins, Orbit and More | Space Science

KLT・31 minutes read

Earth is the only planet with organic life, with 8.7 million species, and has a diverse climate and atmosphere composition. Various exoplanets have been discovered, like TOI 561 b and 700 d, with unique characteristics, while Saturn and Neptune have distinct features and compositions in our solar system.

Insights

  • Earth is the only planet known to support organic life, with 8.7 million species, showcasing its unique biodiversity and importance in the universe.
  • Exoplanets like 55 Cancri e and TOI 561 b offer fascinating insights into planetary diversity and age, expanding our understanding of the universe beyond our solar system and highlighting the vast possibilities of celestial bodies.

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Recent questions

  • What is the composition of Earth's atmosphere?

    Nitrogen, oxygen, trace elements.

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Summary

00:00

"Earth: Life, Elements, Rotation, Climate, Formation, Evolution"

  • Earth is the only planet with organic life and hosts 8.7 million species.
  • The atmosphere consists of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and trace amounts of other elements.
  • Earth takes 365 days to orbit the sun and completes one rotation in 24 hours.
  • Gravity on Earth pulls objects towards the ground at a rate of 9.8 meters per second.
  • Earth has 12 different climate types, including moderate, polar, dry, tropical, continental, and highland.
  • Earth is the third planet from the sun, with a 23.5-degree axial tilt.
  • The theory of Earth's formation involves a collision with a Mars-sized body, leading to the creation of the moon.
  • Earth's atmosphere evolved through three stages, with the current atmosphere being influenced by plant and animal respiration, volcanic activity, and human impact.
  • The lithosphere consists of the upper mantle and crust, forming the Earth's tectonic plates.
  • Earth's four major geological subsystems are the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, which interact to support life on the planet.

21:26

"Hotter Planets in Goldilocks Zones Discovered"

  • Planets hotter and larger than the sun have habitable zones farther away.
  • Earth is in a habitable zone called the Goldilocks zone, where liquid water can exist.
  • Exoplanet 55 Cancri e, nicknamed the Diamond Planet, was discovered on August 30, 2004.
  • Discovered by astronomer Barbara MacArthur using the radial velocity method.
  • Host star Caprenticus is a G-type star similar to the sun, 40 light years away.
  • Exoplanet 55 Cancri e has a mass of 8.08 Earths and orbits its star in 0.7 days.
  • NASA's Hubble Telescope detected hydrogen, helium, and hydrogen cyanide on the planet in 2016.
  • Exoplanet TOI 561 b is one of the oldest rocky planets, 13 billion years old, 280 light years away.
  • Discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in 2020, TOI 561 b has a surface temperature of 3,630 degrees.
  • Exoplanet TOI 700 d, 101.4 light years away, orbits a red dwarf star in the habitable zone, discovered in 2020 by Gilbert.

43:30

"Planets and Moons in Our Solar System"

  • Neptune, the eighth planet from the sun, has a blue upper atmosphere due to methane and is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium.
  • It has 13 moons, with one awaiting confirmation, and its average temperature is 392 degrees.
  • Pluto, once the ninth planet, was demoted to a dwarf planet due to not meeting the International Astronomical Union's criteria.
  • Saturn, the sixth planet from the sun, is known for its rings, has 62 moons, and takes 29 years to orbit the sun.
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