Hormones - cAMP as a second messenger
Dr.G Bhanu Prakash Animated Medical Videos・14 minutes read
The video discusses hormones and secondary messengers, focusing on cAMP as the first discovered messenger used by hormones involved in metabolism, water reabsorption, and electrolyte secretion. Specific hormones like glucagon, antidiuretic hormone, and secretin utilize the cAMP system to regulate physiological processes, while toxins like cholera toxin and pertussis toxin increase electrolyte secretion through cAMP manipulation.
Insights
- The video focuses on hormones and secondary messengers, highlighting cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, IP3, DAG, and calcium systems as crucial secondary messengers.
- Specific hormones like glucagon, antidiuretic hormone, and secretin utilize these secondary messengers to regulate functions such as metabolism, water reabsorption, and electrolyte secretion, showcasing the diverse roles of different hormones in cellular signaling pathways.
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Recent questions
What are some important secondary messengers?
Cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, IP3, DAG, and calcium.
How does glucagon affect blood glucose levels?
By acting on hepatocytes through a G protein-coupled receptor.
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone?
Acts on V2 receptors in the collecting ducts for water reabsorption.
How does secretin affect electrolyte secretion?
By acting on pancreatic cells to increase bicarbonate secretion.
How do toxins like cholera toxin affect electrolyte secretion?
By using cAMP to increase electrolyte secretion, leading to diarrhea.
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Summary
00:00
"Secondary Messengers in Hormone Signaling Systems"
- Hormones and secondary messengers are discussed in the video.
- Three important secondary messengers are cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, IP3, DAG, and calcium system.
- The focus is on different types of hormones using different secondary messengers.
- The first secondary messenger discussed is cAMP, the first to be discovered.
- Hormones involved in metabolism, water reabsorption, and electrolyte secretion use cAMP.
- Glucagon is a hormone involved in metabolism using the cAMP system.
- Glucagon acts on hepatocytes through a G protein-coupled receptor to increase blood glucose levels.
- Antidiuretic hormone acts on V2 receptors in the collecting ducts for water reabsorption.
- Secretin is involved in electrolyte secretion by acting on pancreatic cells to increase bicarbonate secretion.
- Toxins like cholera toxin and pertussis toxin also use cAMP to increase electrolyte secretion, leading to diarrhea.
22:07
"Pertussis toxin activates adenyl cyclase, elevates cAMP"
- Pertussis toxin inhibits the G inhibitory component or the alpha inhibitory component, leading to the activation of adenyl cyclase and continuous activation of cAMP levels, ultimately increasing cAMP levels.
