From Trade to territory The Company Establishes Power | Class 8 | History | CBSE Board | NCERT
Home Revise 7-8 Class・13 minutes read
Aurangzeb was the last powerful Mughal ruler in India, leading to the emergence of regional kingdoms after his death. The British East India Company gained control over India through battles, acquiring revenue resources and wealth, raising concerns in England.
Insights
- Aurangzeb's death marked the decline of Mughal power in India, paving the way for the emergence of regional kingdoms and creating a power vacuum that European trading companies like the British East India Company capitalized on.
- The British East India Company's strategic maneuvers, including the Battle of Plassey in 1757, allowed it to gain political control over Indian territories, leading to the transformation from a trading entity to a dominant colonial power that exploited local resources and rulers for economic gain.
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Recent questions
Who was the last powerful Mughal ruler in India?
Aurangzeb
When did the British East India Company acquire exclusive trading rights?
1600
What led to the Battle of Plassey in 1757?
Conflict with Bengal nawabs
Who was appointed as the Divan of Bengal in 1765?
East India Company
What raised concerns in England regarding the East India Company's activities in India?
Expansion of power and wealth
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Summary
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Rise of East India Company in India
- Aurangzeb was the last powerful Mughal ruler who controlled a large part of India; after his death, regional kingdoms emerged.
- The British East India Company, initially a trading entity, acquired a charter in 1600 granting it exclusive trading rights with the East.
- European powers like the Portuguese, Dutch, and French were already present in India, competing for goods like cotton and silk.
- Intense competition among trading companies led to battles, blockades, and fortifications to protect trading posts.
- The East India Company established its first factory in Bengal in 1651, expanding trade and acquiring rights over villages.
- Conflict between the Company and Bengal nawabs escalated, leading to the Battle of Plassey in 1757.
- The Battle of Plassey resulted in the defeat of the nawab, Siraj-ud-Daulah, and the installation of a puppet ruler, Mir Jafar.
- The Company faced resistance from local rulers and puppet nawabs, leading to conflicts and changes in leadership.
- By 1765, the East India Company was appointed as the Divan of Bengal, gaining control over revenue resources.
- The Company's expansion of power and wealth in India raised concerns in England, with officials like Robert Clive amassing fortunes and acquiring land and money from Indian rulers.
