Federalism Class 10 cbse full chapter (Animation) | Civics Class 10 Chapter 2 | CBSE | NCERT

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The chapter on Federalism in Class 10 Civics discusses the power division among different levels of government in India, highlighting the importance of the federal structure with multiple levels of governance and special powers for certain states. Decentralization efforts, including mandatory local elections and reserved seats, aim to empower local governments and strengthen Indian democracy.

Insights

  • Federalism in India involves dividing power among central, state, and local levels of government to accommodate the country's diversity and ensure smooth governance.
  • The introduction of coalition governments in 1990 marked a shift towards cooperation between central and state authorities, enhancing the effectiveness of Indian democracy by empowering local governments through decentralization measures like regular elections, reserved seats, and revenue sharing.

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Recent questions

  • What is federalism?

    Federalism is a system of government where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units, such as states or provinces.

  • How does federalism work in India?

    In India, federalism involves the division of power among the central government, state governments, and local governments. Each level has its own set of powers and responsibilities, ensuring a balance of authority.

  • What are the different lists specified in the Indian Constitution for governance?

    The Indian Constitution specifies three lists for governance: the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. These lists outline the areas in which each level of government has the authority to make laws.

  • How does federalism in India handle disputes?

    Disputes related to power sharing in India's federal system are resolved by the judiciary. Any changes in power distribution require approval from both Houses of Parliament and state legislatures.

  • Why is decentralization important in India?

    Decentralization in India aims to empower local governments to address the diverse issues faced by the country effectively. Steps like regular local elections, reserved seats for marginalized groups, and revenue sharing between state and local governments enhance the functioning of Indian democracy.

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Summary

00:00

India's Federal System: Power Division and Governance

  • Azam will read chapter number second of Class 10 Civics named Federalism.
  • The chapter discusses federalism, its presence in the country, and the factors that define India as a federal nation.
  • Federalism involves power division among different levels of government, typically central, state, and local levels.
  • India, being diverse, has a third tier of government, the local level, to ensure smooth governance.
  • Federalism differs from a unitary government where power is centralized.
  • Federal governments like India have multiple levels of government with their own powers.
  • The Constitution specifies Union List, State List, and Concurrent List for governance.
  • India's federal structure includes special powers for certain states like Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Mizoram under Article 371.
  • Union Territories in India have limited powers compared to states, with the Central Government having special authority.
  • Changes in power sharing require approval from both Houses of Parliament and state legislatures, with the judiciary handling disputes.

15:23

India's Federalism: Language Rights and Decentralization

  • Federalism in India requires respect for all languages to function well, as equal rights were granted to each language in the Constitution.
  • Historically, India experienced one-party rule at both the central and state levels, leading to suppression of opposing parties by the central government to maintain control.
  • The introduction of coalition governments in 1990 improved relations between the central and state governments, fostering a more cooperative environment.
  • Decentralization in India aimed to empower local governments due to the country's vast size and diverse issues that local authorities are best equipped to address.
  • Steps taken for decentralization included mandatory regular local elections, reserved seats for backward classes and women, and revenue sharing between state and local governments, enhancing the effectiveness of Indian democracy.
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