ETC in respiration and photosynthesis
SLCC BIOL Videos・4 minutes read
Chemosis generates ATP in both chloroplasts and mitochondria through chemi-osmosis, with different processes involving electron transport chains and active transport of hydrogen ions to create energy from glucose and light, respectively. The final result is the production of ATP in both organelles, with different processes that convert light energy into chemical energy in photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Insights
- Electrons from glucose in mitochondria are carried by NADH and FADH2 through protein complexes to create ATP, while in chloroplasts, light energy excites electrons to produce ATP and NADPH through active transport of hydrogen ions.
- Chemosis demonstrates the conversion of light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis in chloroplasts and the utilization of electron transport chains to generate ATP in mitochondria, showcasing the dual mechanisms of energy production in cells.
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Recent questions
How is ATP produced in chloroplasts and mitochondria?
Through chemi-osmosis powered by an electron transport chain.
What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in ATP production?
Carrying electrons from glucose in mitochondria.
How does light energy contribute to ATP production in chloroplasts?
By exciting electrons in photosystem 2.
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
Oxygen.
How are hydrogen ions utilized in ATP production?
By flowing through ATP synthase to create ATP.
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Summary
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Chemosis: ATP Production in Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
- Chemosis produces ATP in both chloroplasts and mitochondria through chemi-osmosis powered by an electron transport chain. In mitochondria, electrons from glucose are carried by NADH and FADH2 through a series of protein complexes with increasing electronegativity, pumping hydrogen ions against their gradient to create ATP until they reach oxygen, the final electron acceptor.
- In chloroplasts, light energy excites electrons in photosystem 2, initiating an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membranes that ultimately leads to the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH. This process involves active transport of hydrogen ions against their gradient, allowing them to flow through ATP synthase and produce ATP, converting light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
