Classification of Plants Class 7 ICSE Biology | Selina Chapter 2 | Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes #1

LearnoHub - Class 6,7,8・2 minutes read

Deepika discusses the classification of plants and animals in biology, highlighting the importance of categorizing organisms based on characteristics like chlorophyll presence. Bacteria play various beneficial roles in medicine, food production, composting, and soil fertility, showcasing their significance in ecological systems.

Insights

  • Biologists classify organisms into Plants and Animals based on characteristics like the presence of chlorophyll, with Plants focusing on photosynthesis and Animals being heterotrophs with locomotion abilities.
  • Bacteria, a significant part of the Monera Kingdom in the Five Kingdom System, play diverse roles such as aiding in food production like curd formation, tanning leather, and enhancing soil fertility through composting and nitrogen fixation, showcasing their importance in various ecosystems and human activities.

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Recent questions

  • What are the two main fields of Biology?

    Botany and Zoology

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Summary

00:00

"Introduction to Classification of Plants in Biology"

  • Deepika from Learn Hub introduces the topic of Classification of Plants in Biology.
  • Biology is the study of living organisms, including plants and animals.
  • Botany is a subfield of Biology focusing on plants, while Zoology focuses on animals.
  • Microbiology deals with the study of microorganisms.
  • Biologists categorize organisms into Plants and Animals based on characteristics like chlorophyll presence.
  • Classification is the systematic grouping of organisms based on similarities and differences.
  • The need for classification arises due to the vast number of species on Earth.
  • Advantages of classification include simplifying study, systematic organization, and understanding relationships between organisms.
  • Carlus Linnaeus introduced the Two Kingdom System of classification - Kingdom Plantae and Kingdom Animalia.
  • Robert Whittaker proposed the Five Kingdom System - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, based on prokaryotic and eukaryotic characteristics.

20:18

Animal Classification and Bacterial Cell Structure

  • Animals are heterotrophs, with a developed nervous system and sense organs, allowing locomotion.
  • Movement and locomotion are distinct, with animals classified based on the presence or absence of a backbone.
  • Vertebrates have a backbone, placing humans in this category.
  • Kingdom Monera primarily consists of bacteria, which are single-celled and prokaryotic.
  • Bacteria have a rigid cell wall, absorb nutrients from their surroundings, and can be parasitic.
  • Bacteria are found everywhere, surviving extreme conditions and visible only under a high-powered light microscope.
  • Bacteria come in four shapes: coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), spiral, and vibrio (comma-shaped).
  • A bacterial cell structure includes a cell membrane, cell wall, capsule, pili, and flagella, lacking cell organelles.
  • Bacteria can be both friends and foes, with useful roles in medicine, vaccines, and food production like curd formation.
  • Lactobacillus bacteria aid in curd formation by fermenting milk, showcasing the beneficial role of bacteria in food production.

38:20

"Bacteria: Essential for Various Processes and Environments"

  • Bacteria require warm environments to multiply, with lactose sugar in milk being converted into lactic acid by bacteria, leading to the formation of curd.
  • Vinegar production involves the use of aceto bacterium bacteria, fermenting fruit juice to create acid.
  • Bacteria play a role in tanning leather, curing animal hides, and softening jute fibers.
  • Bacteria aid in the formation of compost from animal dung and agricultural waste, enhancing soil fertility for plant growth.
  • Bacteria decompose human excreta to produce biogas for cooking and increase soil fertility with the remaining waste.
  • Bacteria in the human intestine, such as Ekola bacteria, produce Vitamin B and K, supporting digestion and health.
  • Herbivorous animals rely on bacteria in their intestines to aid in the digestion of cellulose from grass.
  • Rhizobium bacteria in legume plant root nodules convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates, crucial for plant growth.
  • Bacteria act as scavengers, decomposing organic remains to increase soil fertility, providing essential nutrients for plant growth.
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