Class 11 Physics | Thermal Expansion | #1 Introduction to Thermal Expansion | For JEE & NEET
Physics Galaxy・4 minutes read
Thermal expansion occurs when the temperature of a substance increases, leading to random particle motion that causes the substance to expand. This expansion happens as a result of increased energy, causing particles to collide and separate, changing the substance's dimensions.
Insights
- Thermal expansion is caused by the increase in temperature leading to greater random motion of particles, causing them to push against each other and increase the space between them, resulting in the substance expanding.
- The energy from thermal agitation due to temperature increase causes inter-particle collisions and stress, leading to changes in dimensions of the substance through increased separation between particles, demonstrating the relationship between temperature, energy, and expansion in materials.
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Recent questions
What is thermal expansion?
The expansion of substances due to temperature rise.
How does thermal agitation affect substances?
Thermal agitation causes particles to collide and stress.
What happens when heat is supplied to a substance?
Heat can lead to temperature rise or phase change.
What is the relationship between temperature and thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion is proportional to temperature increase.
Why is thermal expansion important in materials science?
Thermal expansion impacts material behavior under temperature changes.
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Summary
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Thermal Expansion: Temperature Increase Causes Substance Expansion
- Thermal expansion is the expansion of substances due to a rise in temperature. When the temperature of a substance increases, it expands as a result of thermal agitation, which is the random oscillatory motion of particles in the substance's local neighborhood.
- Thermal agitation energy is proportional to the temperature of the substance, meaning that as the temperature increases, the energy of random oscillation also increases. This energy leads to inter-particle collisions, causing intra-particle stress to increase, resulting in the separation between particles to increase and the dimensions of the substance to change, leading to thermal expansion.
- When heat is supplied to a substance, two phenomena can occur: a rise in temperature or a change in phase. The increase in temperature leads to thermal expansion as the continuous thermal agitation causes particles to collide, exert stress on each other, and increase the separation between particles, ultimately changing the dimensions of the substance.
