Categories of mental disorders | Behavior | MCAT | Khan Academy
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Mental disorders encompass various conditions defined by distress or disability, categorized by the ICD-10 and DSM-5, with top-level categories including neurodevelopmental, neurocognitive, anxiety, depressive, bipolar, schizophrenia, trauma-related, and more, each with distinct symptoms and characteristics. The DSM-5 also covers disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders, personality disorders, somatic symptoms, dissociative disorders, sexual dysfunctions, paraphilic disorders, and "other disorders" not fitting specific categories, emphasizing the wide range and complexity of mental health conditions.
Insights
- Mental disorders are defined by distress or disability, setting them apart from normal behaviors, and are classified by systems like the ICD-10 and DSM-5, which categorize various conditions.
- The DSM-5 outlines 20 top-level categories of mental disorders, ranging from neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive disorders to anxiety, depressive, and trauma-related disorders, highlighting the diverse range of conditions encompassed within the classification system.
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Recent questions
What distinguishes mental disorders from normal behavior?
Mental disorders are defined by distress or disability, setting them apart from typical variations in behavior within a culture. This distinction helps identify conditions that require intervention or treatment, as they significantly impact an individual's well-being and functioning.
How are mental disorders categorized?
Mental disorders are categorized using two main systems: the ICD-10 from the World Health Organization and the DSM-5 from the American Psychiatric Association. These systems provide a framework for classifying different conditions based on their symptoms and characteristics, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning.
What are some examples of neurocognitive disorders?
Neurocognitive disorders involve cognitive function loss after nervous system development, with categories like delirium and major neurocognitive disorder (dementia). These conditions can significantly impact memory, reasoning, and other cognitive abilities, affecting daily functioning and quality of life.
What are the key features of anxiety disorders?
Anxiety disorders are characterized by excessive worry or fear, encompassing conditions like phobias and generalized anxiety disorder. Individuals with these disorders may experience persistent feelings of unease or panic, impacting their ability to cope with everyday stressors and situations.
What are the characteristics of depressive disorders?
Depressive disorders involve negative mood, hopelessness, and loss of enjoyment, often accompanied by a high suicide risk. These conditions can significantly impair an individual's emotional well-being and functioning, requiring appropriate treatment and support to manage symptoms effectively.
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