Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry | NCERT Chapter 14 | One Shot |CBSE NEET JEE

LearnoHub - Class 11, 12・2 minutes read

The video discusses the importance of elements like hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus in biomolecules and delves into the classification of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and nucleic acids, detailing their structures and functions. It concludes by emphasizing the significance of enzymes, vitamins, and genetic material in maintaining overall health and proper biological function.

Insights

  • Biomolecules in living organisms consist of essential elements like hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus.
  • Carbohydrates are organic compounds classified by the number of monosaccharide units they contain, with glucose being a key example, showcasing structural properties and chemical reactions like oxidation.

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Recent questions

  • What are biomolecules in chemistry?

    Biomolecules are molecules found in living organisms, consisting of elements like hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus. They play essential roles in various biological processes.

  • How are carbohydrates classified?

    Carbohydrates are classified based on the number of monosaccharide units they contain, ranging from 2 to 10 units. They are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with a general formula of CnH2nOn.

  • What is the importance of proteins in the body?

    Proteins are crucial for protection and are made up of repeating units called polymers. They have different structures, including primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures, and can break down due to denaturation, altering their biological function.

  • How do enzymes function in chemical reactions?

    Enzymes help speed up reactions without being consumed in the process. They act as catalysts, lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, thus increasing the rate of the reaction.

  • What role do vitamins play in the body?

    Vitamins play a crucial role in the body, with deficiencies leading to specific diseases. For example, vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets in children and bone deformities in adults. It is essential to consult with a doctor before taking specific vitamins to address deficiencies.

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Summary

00:00

Understanding Biomolecules: Elements, Classification, and Reactions

  • The video discusses biomolecules in chemistry, focusing on molecules found in living organisms.
  • It highlights the importance of elements like hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus in biomolecules.
  • The video delves into the classification of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and nucleic acids.
  • Carbohydrates are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with a general formula of CnH2nOn.
  • Carbohydrates are classified based on the number of monosaccharide units they contain, ranging from 2 to 10 units.
  • The video explains the hydrolysis of carbohydrates into monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and ribose.
  • It details the structural properties of glucose, including its straight-chain and ring structures.
  • Glucose undergoes various chemical reactions, such as oxidation to form gluconic acid.
  • The video explores the evidence of glucose's structure through reactions with mild oxidizing agents and acid groups.
  • It concludes by discussing the addition of a carboxyl group to glucose, revealing its structural arrangement and chemical properties.

24:10

"Alcohol to LED: Glucose Structure and Function"

  • Alcohol oxidization leads to LED light production
  • Oxidizing the mind of vegetables results in acid formation
  • Direct oxidation of alcohol and cigarettes leads to a straight and cross reaction
  • Glucose drops are similar to the alcohol oxidation process
  • Glucose contains a carbonyl group and five carbons
  • Fisher's glucose structure involves specific arrangements of carbons and groups
  • DDL configuration benefits brain function and laboratory work
  • Glucose crystallization properties remain consistent
  • Beta glucose structure creation involves specific steps and arrangements
  • Monosaccharide fructose differs from glucose and fructose in structure and function

45:53

"Proteins, Polymers, and Amino Acids Explained"

  • Proteins are crucial for protection and are made up of repeating units called polymers.
  • Polymers are formed by adding multiple units together.
  • A polymer can be created focusing on the amino acid called Young Mi Acid.
  • The position of Electric's position is determined by the groups in the polymer.
  • Different festivals end in various categories based on the CEO group.
  • The distance between forms like Venus and Earth can take half an hour to travel.
  • Amino acids are essential for the body and can be obtained from protein-rich foods.
  • Essential amino acids have solid properties and change behavior based on their surroundings.
  • Neutralization reactions occur when acids and bases combine to form salts.
  • Proteins can have different structures, including primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.

01:11:17

"Proteins, Enzymes, Vitamins, and Genetic Material"

  • Proteins can break down due to denaturation, leading to loss of biological activity.
  • Denaturation alters the structure of proteins, changing their solubility and biological function.
  • Boiling proteins can cause denaturation, resulting in the formation of insoluble fibers.
  • Enzymes help speed up reactions without being consumed in the process.
  • Vitamins play a crucial role in the body, with deficiencies leading to specific diseases.
  • Vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets in children and bone deformities in adults.
  • Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits and is essential for overall health.
  • Consultation with a doctor is necessary before taking specific vitamins to address deficiencies.
  • Genetic material is passed down through generations via chromosomes in the nucleus.
  • Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are composed of nucleotides, sugars, phosphoric acid, and nitrogenous bases.

01:34:38

"House Theft Film Sparks Hopeful Understanding"

  • Movie about a theft in someone's house
  • Film if theft occurs
  • Importance of unique individual's reaction to theft
  • Nuclear crisis applications highlighted
  • Video ends with hope for clear understanding
  • Introduction to new topic in upcoming video
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