Biology: Cell Structure I Nucleus Medical Media
Nucleus Medical Media・2 minutes read
Cells have common features like a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA, with eukaryotic cells containing organelles like the nucleus, in contrast to prokaryotic cells without a nucleus or membrane-enclosed organelles. Organelles in cells have specific functions, including the nucleus for DNA storage, ribosomes for protein synthesis, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis in plant cells.
Insights
- Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles, distinguishing them in structure and function within organisms.
- Organelles in cells, such as the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, lysosomes, and mitochondria, play essential roles in DNA storage, protein synthesis, material transport, protein modification, waste breakdown, and energy production, highlighting the complexity and specialization of cellular machinery.
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Recent questions
What are the common features of cells?
A cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.
What are organelles in cells?
Specialized cell parts with unique functions.
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.
What are the unique features of plant cells?
Chloroplasts for photosynthesis and cell walls for support.
What are some specialized features in cells for specific functions?
Cilia for particle trapping and flagella for cell movement.
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Summary
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Cell Features and Functions in Organisms
- Cells, the smallest living units of an organism, share three common features: a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. Eukaryotic cells, found in plants and animals, possess organelles like the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles.
- Organelles, specialized cell parts with unique functions, include the nucleus, which houses DNA and controls cell activities, ribosomes for protein synthesis, endoplasmic reticulum for material transport, Golgi apparatus for protein modification, vacuoles for storage, lysosomes for waste breakdown, and mitochondria for energy production.
- Plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and cell walls for support, while animal cells lack these structures. Unique features like cilia in respiratory cells and flagella in some bacteria cells serve specific functions like particle trapping and cell movement.
