Acid-Base Balance (Imbalances) Nursing: ABGS, Acidosis vs Alkalosis - Respiratory & Metabolic
RegisteredNurseRN・2 minutes read
Respiratory acidosis is caused by decreased lung ventilation and excessive CO2 retention, leading to low blood pH, while metabolic acidosis results from an excess of acids in the body. Proper interpretation of arterial blood gas values and understanding acid-base imbalances are essential for identifying and treating respiratory and metabolic acidosis effectively.
Insights
- Respiratory acidosis is caused by decreased lung ventilation, leading to CO2 retention and a drop in blood pH, with symptoms like neurostatus changes and hypoxia.
- Chronic COPD patients are prone to chronic acidosis due to CO2 retention, requiring careful oxygen administration, and monitoring ECG is vital to detect potential dysrhythmias from acidosis.
- Metabolic acidosis results from excess acids or impaired elimination, with ABG values showing low blood pH, bicarb levels, and potentially low P2 levels, necessitating interventions like administering sodium bicarb or normal saline.
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Recent questions
What causes respiratory acidosis?
CO2 retention from decreased lung ventilation.
What are the symptoms of respiratory acidosis?
Neurostatus changes, hypoxia, increased heart rate.
How is respiratory alkalosis diagnosed?
Arterial blood CO2 levels below 35 mm of mercury.
What are the interventions for metabolic acidosis?
Administering sodium bicarb or normal saline.
How does the renal system regulate acid-base balance?
By conserving or excreting acids to maintain pH levels.
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