Gastric Disorders for NCLEX, HESI and ATI
Nexus Nursing Institute・24 minutes read
A client suspected of acute gastritis should be assessed for NSAID use due to its association with stomach ulcers, while treatment for Type B gastritis involves antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors to address Helicobacter pylori infection. Additionally, patients with peptic ulcer disease must manage symptoms through consistent medication adherence and dietary modifications, as certain foods and beverages can exacerbate their condition.
Insights
- Clients suspected of acute gastritis may be at risk due to the use of NSAIDs, which can lead to stomach ulcers, highlighting the importance of assessing medication history when diagnosing gastrointestinal issues.
- Type B gastritis is linked to Helicobacter pylori infection, requiring treatment with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, emphasizing the need for targeted therapies to effectively manage and heal gastric conditions.
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Recent questions
What is acute gastritis?
Acute gastritis is a sudden inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by irritants such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol, or infections. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. The condition can lead to complications like ulcers or bleeding if not addressed promptly. Treatment typically involves avoiding irritants, using medications to reduce stomach acid, and, in some cases, antibiotics if an infection is present. Understanding the causes and symptoms of acute gastritis is crucial for effective management and prevention of further gastrointestinal issues.
How to treat Helicobacter pylori infection?
Treating a Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection typically involves a combination of antibiotics and medications that reduce stomach acid, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers. This approach, often referred to as triple therapy, aims to eradicate the bacteria while promoting healing of the stomach lining. It is essential to complete the full course of treatment to ensure the infection is fully cleared and to prevent recurrence. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is recommended to confirm the success of the treatment and monitor for any potential complications.
What are the symptoms of chronic gastritis?
Chronic gastritis is characterized by long-term inflammation of the stomach lining, which can lead to symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and a feeling of fullness after eating. Patients may also experience changes in appetite and weight loss. One notable symptom is that the pain is often relieved by food intake, as eating can temporarily buffer stomach acid and reduce irritation. Identifying and managing the underlying causes, such as H. pylori infection or long-term NSAID use, is crucial for effective treatment and symptom relief.
What is the priority action for gastric ulcers?
In cases of gastric ulcers, especially when a patient presents with sudden sharp mid-epigastric pain, the priority action is to notify the physician immediately. This is critical due to the risk of complications such as perforation or significant bleeding, which can lead to life-threatening conditions. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to assess the situation, potentially perform diagnostic tests, and initiate appropriate treatment. Ensuring the patient's safety and addressing any acute symptoms is paramount in managing gastric ulcers effectively.
What dietary advice for peptic ulcer disease?
For individuals with peptic ulcer disease, dietary advice includes avoiding both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, as both can stimulate hydrochloric acid production, exacerbating ulcer symptoms. It is also recommended to consume smaller, more frequent meals to reduce stomach acid secretion and irritation. Patients should be cautious with spicy, acidic, or high-fat foods, which can aggravate the condition. Additionally, antacids should be taken two hours after meals to effectively neutralize stomach acid without interfering with digestion. Following these dietary guidelines can help manage symptoms and promote healing.
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Summary
00:00
Gastritis and Ulcer Management Essentials
- A client suspected of acute gastritis may be predisposed due to NSAID use, which can cause stomach ulcers, making it the correct answer in the assessment question.
- Type B gastritis is primarily associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram-negative bacterium, necessitating antibiotics alongside proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers for treatment.
- Chronic gastritis is indicated by epigastric pain relieved by food intake, as food reduces hydrochloric acid's effect on the stomach lining, preventing further irritation.
- In cases of gastric ulcers with sudden sharp mid-epigastric pain, the priority action is to notify the physician due to the risk of perforation and potential bleeding.
- The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with peptic ulcer disease is acute pain, as it directly affects physiological integrity and requires immediate attention over psychological concerns.
- For a client undergoing triple therapy for H. pylori, the role of ranitidine (Zantac) is to help heal the ulcer and prevent recurrence, not to act as an antibiotic.
- Antacids should be taken two hours after meals to effectively neutralize stomach acid, as this timing allows for the food to move from the stomach to the small intestine.
- Clients with heart failure should be cautioned that some antacids contain high sodium content, which can exacerbate fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms.
- A client consuming four cups of decaf coffee daily should be advised on potential effects, as excessive caffeine can still irritate the stomach and affect ulcer healing.
- Understanding the mechanism of action for medications like antacids, PPIs, and H2 blockers is crucial for effective treatment and management of stomach disorders.
16:50
Managing Gastrointestinal Disorders and Complications
- Avoid both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee to reduce hydrochloric acid production in patients with peptic ulcer disease, as both types contain peptides that increase acid levels.
- For a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the first action is to notify the healthcare provider immediately, as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention due to shock.
- In cases of abdominal distension and nausea after eating, prepare for the insertion of a nasogastric (NG) tube to decompress the stomach, indicating a possible pyloric obstruction.
- Late manifestations of dumping syndrome, occurring 1.5 to 3 hours post-meal, include dizziness and palpitations, which indicate complications following a Billroth II procedure.
- A shiny, beefy appearance of the tongue in a post-Billroth II patient suggests vitamin B12 deficiency due to the removal of intrinsic factor-producing stomach tissue.
- Patients recovering from peptic ulcer disease should take medications daily as prescribed, not just until symptoms resolve, to prevent recurrence and manage their condition effectively.
- Clients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome typically report steatorrhea and diarrhea due to increased hydrochloric acid production, which impairs fat digestion by reducing pancreatic lipase.
- Gastric cancer risk is associated with a diet high in salted or pickled foods, which are acidic and can increase the likelihood of developing the disease, particularly in certain populations.
