Control and Coordination in One Shot Class 10 Science (Biology) Concepts+| MCQs | BYJU'S Class 10
BYJU'S - Class 9 & 10・2 minutes read
Aishwarya's two-hour class on "Control and Coordination" emphasizes the nervous system's role in responding to stimuli, covering key concepts such as neurons, reflex arcs, and chemical coordination through hormones. The session is structured to enhance understanding through interactive discussions and a Menti quiz led by Ankita, ensuring students grasp complex topics effectively.
Insights
- Aishwarya's class on "Control and Coordination" is designed to comprehensively cover the chapter in a two-hour session, emphasizing the importance of active participation and preparation, including having necessary materials ready for note-taking.
- Aishwarya introduces key concepts related to the nervous system, including terms like stimulus, response, and receptors, while outlining the nervous system's functions in processing external changes and coordinating bodily responses, akin to a synchronized dance performance.
- The structure and function of neurons are elaborated upon, highlighting their role as the main units of the nervous system, with details on components such as the soma, dendrites, axon, and myelin sheath, which together facilitate rapid communication through electrical impulses.
- The text distinguishes between different types of neurons—sensory, motor, and relay neurons—and explains their roles in reflex actions and voluntary movements, while also clarifying the difference between individual neurons and bundled nerves.
- In discussing plant coordination, the text covers tropic and nastic movements, explaining how plants respond to stimuli through growth patterns influenced by hormones, such as auxins and gibberellins, which regulate various growth processes and adaptations to environmental changes.
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Recent questions
What is chemical coordination in biology?
Chemical coordination in biology refers to the regulatory processes that involve hormones and chemical signals to control various functions within organisms. This system operates primarily through the endocrine system, which consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones act as messengers, traveling to target organs to induce specific physiological changes, such as growth, metabolism, and reproductive functions. For instance, the pituitary gland, often termed the "master gland," regulates other endocrine glands and produces hormones that influence growth and development. Understanding chemical coordination is crucial for grasping how organisms maintain homeostasis and respond to internal and external stimuli.
How do neurons transmit signals?
Neurons transmit signals through a complex process involving electrical impulses and chemical neurotransmitters. Each neuron consists of several key parts: the soma (cell body), dendrites, and axon. When a stimulus is received, the dendrites detect the signal and generate an electrical impulse that travels through the soma and down the axon. The axon may be covered by a myelin sheath, which enhances the speed of signal transmission. At the axon terminals, the electrical signal triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse, the gap between neurons. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to receptors on the next neuron, converting the electrical signal back into a chemical one, thus facilitating communication throughout the nervous system.
What are reflex actions?
Reflex actions are quick, involuntary responses to stimuli that occur without conscious thought. They are essential for protecting the body from harm and are mediated by a reflex arc, which is a neural pathway that includes sensory neurons, relay neurons in the central nervous system, and motor neurons. When a stimulus, such as touching a hot object, is detected by sensory receptors, the information is transmitted to the spinal cord, where it is processed. A relay neuron connects the sensory neuron to a motor neuron, which then sends a signal to the effector, such as a muscle, to initiate a rapid response, like pulling away the hand. This mechanism allows for immediate reactions, minimizing potential injury.
What is the role of hormones in the body?
Hormones play a vital role in regulating various physiological processes in the body, acting as chemical messengers that influence growth, metabolism, and reproductive functions. Produced by endocrine glands, hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel to target organs, where they induce specific changes. For example, insulin, produced by the pancreas, helps regulate blood sugar levels, while adrenaline, released by the adrenal glands, prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response during stressful situations. Hormones also control slower processes, such as growth and development, and are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Understanding the functions of different hormones is essential for comprehending how the body responds to internal and external changes.
What are tropic movements in plants?
Tropic movements in plants are directional growth responses to environmental stimuli, allowing plants to adapt to their surroundings. These movements are categorized based on the type of stimulus, such as light, gravity, or water. For instance, phototropism is the growth of a plant towards light, enabling optimal photosynthesis, while geotropism refers to growth in response to gravity, helping roots anchor in the soil. Other examples include hydrotropism, where roots grow towards moisture, and thigmotropism, where plants respond to touch, as seen in the Mimosa plant, which closes its leaves when touched. These movements are regulated by plant hormones, or phytohormones, which facilitate growth and development in response to environmental conditions.
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