Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom, Electron Transitions, Atomic Energy Levels, Lyman & Balmer Series

The Organic Chemistry Tutor14 minutes read

Bohr's model of the atom describes electrons moving in circular orbits around the nucleus in quantized energy levels with defined values. Energy is emitted as photons when electrons transition between these levels, with calculations involving specific equations and resulting in distinct frequencies and wavelengths.

Insights

  • Bohr's model of the atom introduces quantized energy levels, where electrons can only occupy specific orbits around the nucleus, emitting energy as photons during transitions between these levels.
  • Calculating energy values for electron transitions involves precise equations, such as E = -2.178 x 10^-18 J * (1/n final^2 - 1/n initial^2), enabling the determination of photon frequency and wavelength, with transitions to lower energy levels releasing the most energy, notably from n=3 to n=1.

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Recent questions

  • How do electrons move in Bohr's model of the atom?

    Electrons move in circular orbits around the nucleus.

  • What happens when electrons transition between energy levels?

    Energy is emitted as photons during transitions.

  • How is the frequency of a photon calculated?

    Frequency is found by dividing energy by Planck's constant.

  • How is the wavelength of a photon determined?

    Wavelength is found by dividing the speed of light by frequency.

  • What is the significance of the p fund series in Bohr's model?

    The p fund series is associated with the infrared region.

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Summary

00:00

Bohr's Model: Electron Energy Levels & Transitions

  • Bohr's model of the atom proposes electrons move in circular orbits around the nucleus in distinct energy levels.
  • Electrons can only occupy specific energy levels, leading to quantized energy levels with integer-based values.
  • Energy is emitted as photons when electrons transition from higher to lower energy levels.
  • Calculating energy released involves using the equation E = -2.178 x 10^-18 J * (1/n final^2 - 1/n initial^2).
  • Energy released when an electron falls from the 4th to the 2nd energy level in a hydrogen atom is -4.084 x 10^-19 J.
  • The negative sign in the energy value indicates energy release during the transition.
  • Frequency of the photon can be calculated by dividing the energy by Planck's constant, resulting in 6.16 x 10^14 Hz.
  • Wavelength of the photon can be found by dividing the speed of light by the frequency, yielding 487 nanometers.
  • Calculating the energy level an electron jumps to after absorbing a photon with a wavelength of 1283.45 nm involves determining the energy of the photon and using the equation 1.549 x 10^-19 J = -2.178 x 10^-18 J * (1/n final^2 - 1/3^2), resulting in n final = 5.
  • Electron transitions releasing the most energy involve falling to the lowest energy level, with the transition from n=3 to n=1 emitting the most energy.

21:18

"P Fund Series: Infrared Connection"

  • The p fund series is linked to the infrared region.
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