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All of AQA PHYSICS Paper 2 in 35 minutes - GCSE Science Revision

Science Shorts・2 minutes read

The AQA GCSE Physics Paper 2 covers topics 5 to 7, including forces, waves, magnetism, and space. It discusses concepts like vectors, forces, waves, and electromagnetic waves, along with various laws and principles governing these phenomena.

Insights

  • Forces can be contact or non-contact, with vectors representing both direction and magnitude. Balanced forces result in no acceleration, following Newton's first law of motion, while weight is the force due to gravity, calculated by mass times gravitational field strength.
  • Waves transfer energy without matter, with longitudinal waves having oscillations parallel to the energy transfer and transverse waves having oscillations perpendicular. The wave equation V=fλ calculates wave speed, and lenses use refraction to manipulate light. Magnetism involves permanent and induced magnets, while power stations generate electricity using steam or nuclear fission. Stars form from dust and gas particles, undergoing fusion to create stable stars, supporting the Big Bang Theory and an expanding universe.

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Recent questions

  • What does weight measure?

    Force due to gravity on an object.

  • How are moments calculated?

    Force multiplied by distance to pivot.

  • What is the difference between scalars and vectors?

    Scalars have magnitude only, vectors have direction.

  • How is wave speed calculated?

    Wave speed equals frequency times wavelength.

  • What is the purpose of transformers in the National Grid?

    Change electricity voltage for transmission efficiency.

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Summary

00:00

GCSE Physics Paper 2: Forces, Waves, Magnetism

  • AQA GCSE Physics Paper 2 covers topics 5 to 7, including forces, waves, magnetism, and space for triple physics.
  • Forces can be contact (e.g., pushing a door) or non-contact (e.g., magnetism, electrostatic forces, gravity).
  • Forces are represented by vectors showing direction and magnitude, with resultant forces calculated by adding vectors.
  • Balanced forces result in no acceleration, following Newton's first law of motion.
  • Scalars have magnitude but no direction, while vectors have both (e.g., displacement vs. distance).
  • Weight is the force due to gravity, calculated by mass times gravitational field strength (9.8 N/kg on Earth).
  • Energy used to lift an object is equal to the work done, calculated as force times distance moved.
  • Deforming objects involve forces and extensions, following Hooke's Law (F = kx).
  • Moments are turning forces, calculated as force times distance to the pivot, with applications in gears.
  • Pressure is force divided by area, measured in pascals, and can be calculated using p = hρg for water pressure.

13:27

Physics: Forces, Waves, and Electromagnetism Explained

  • Newton's second law states that force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma), but it can also be expressed as force equals change in momentum over time.
  • The shorter the time taken for momentum to change, the greater the force needed or felt, explaining the use of safety features like seat belts, airbags, and crumble zones in cars.
  • Waves transfer energy without transferring matter, with oscillations or vibrations passing along instead of particles themselves.
  • Longitudinal waves have oscillations parallel to the direction of energy transfer, examples being sound waves and seismic P waves.
  • Transverse waves have oscillations perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer, examples being waves on water surfaces and seismic S waves.
  • The wave equation V=fλ (wave speed equals frequency times wavelength) is used to calculate wave speed, with frequency and time period being reciprocals of each other.
  • Sound waves cause drums to vibrate, converting into signals that travel to the brain, with the human ear detecting frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 kHz.
  • Electromagnetic waves can travel through space without a medium, with the EM spectrum divided into sections like radio waves, microwaves, visible light, and gamma rays.
  • Lenses use refraction to converge, diverge, or spread out light rays, with convex lenses making rays converge and concave lenses diverging them.
  • Magnetism involves permanent and induced magnets, with magnetic field lines always forming complete loops and magnetic forces experienced by current-carrying wires in a magnetic field.

27:31

Power generation and transmission in a nutshell.

  • Power stations work by using steam from burning fuels or nuclear fission to turn a turbine, inducing a potential in a coil that generates electricity.
  • To increase the output of a Dynamo or generator, one can turn it faster, add more turns to the coil, or use a stronger magnet, but this requires energy due to induced currents creating opposing magnetic fields.
  • Transformers in the National Grid change electricity voltage for transmission efficiency, with Step up Transformers increasing voltage and Step Down Transformers decreasing it, maintaining power balance.
  • The primary and secondary coils in a transformer have a ratio of turns equal to the ratio of voltages, with AC inducing a current wirelessly between the coils due to changing magnetic fields.
  • Stars form from dust and gas particles in nebulae, with Fusion creating stable stars in the main sequence stage, leading to red giants or supernovae, forming new nebulae and heavier elements, supporting the Big Bang Theory and expanding universe.
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