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Alcohol Phenol and Ethers Class 12 | Organic Chemistry | For JEE & NEET Full Revision In 20 Minutes

English World・35 minutes read

The text provides a detailed overview of alcohol, phenol, and ether chemistry, covering various topics such as alcohol formation, classification, reactivity, and important reactions. It highlights key concepts like hybridization, acidic character, nucleophiles, electrophiles, and the synthesis of ethers through Williamson synthesis.

Insights

  • Alcohol formation involves replacing a hydrogen atom with an OH group, leading to mono, di, or polyhydric alcohols based on the number of OH groups attached.
  • Phenol's acidic strength is highlighted, and reactions with different compounds like B. Tu, cscl3, Rimmer man, KOH, H2so4, and hno3 result in various products, showcasing its versatile chemistry.

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Recent questions

  • How are alcohols classified?

    Based on the number of OH groups attached.

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Summary

00:00

"Class 12th Alcohol Chemistry Revision Series"

  • The text discusses a revision series for class 12th, focusing on the second chapter of alcohol, phenols, and ethers in organic chemistry.
  • It mentions the availability of notes on the English Word App for Android users and the website for iPhone users.
  • The process of alcohol formation from hydrocarbons is explained, involving the replacement of a hydrogen atom with an OH group.
  • Classification of alcohols is detailed as mono, di, or polyhydric based on the number of OH groups attached.
  • Various methods of alcohol preparation are discussed, including Marconikoff's addition, hydrosis, and oxidation of alkenes.
  • The text emphasizes the importance of understanding hybridization in alcohols and the structure of methanol.
  • It explains the impact of branching on boiling points and solubility in alcohols.
  • The concept of nucleophiles and electrophiles in alcohols is highlighted, along with their reactions with bases.
  • The acidic character of alcohols is explored, with electron-releasing groups affecting electron density and polarity.
  • The reactivity order of alcohols in reactions with HC and ZnCl2 is outlined, with tertiary alcohols being the most reactive.

10:56

Chemical reactions and properties of alcohols

  • Understanding chemical reactions: Different reagents like HC, Zncl2, pcl3, pcl5, and associatl lead to the formation of RCL.
  • Oxidation of alcohols: Alcohols react to form carboxylic acid compounds when oxidized.
  • Esterification reaction: In the presence of RCOOH and H+, esterification reactions occur.
  • Formation of RO: Reacting alcohol with NH3 results in the formation of RNS.
  • Copper reactions: Using copper leads to the formation of RCHO from ROS.
  • Dehydration reactions: Concentrated H2SO4 at different temperatures results in the formation of alkene or alkyl hydrogen sulphate.
  • Commercially important alcohol reactions: Methanol and ethanol formation processes are detailed.
  • Denatured alcohol: Alcohol is denatured to make it unfit for drinking, known as denatured alcohol.
  • Phenol structure and properties: Phenol's structure, bond length, and physical properties are discussed.
  • Acidic strength of phenol: Phenol's relative acidic strength compared to other compounds like carboxylic acid, water, and alcohols is explained.

21:09

Chemical reactions and formations in Bihar

  • Reaction with B. Tu on all positions in Bihar results in the formation of 2,4,6 tribromo phenol.
  • Application of cscl3 leads to the appearance of a group directly on the position.
  • Rimmer man reaction is significant and involves the formation of ccl4 noh.
  • Addition of KOH group results in the formation of sericyl acid and carbon dioxide.
  • H2so4 and hno3 reactions are crucial, leading to the addition of no2 to all positions.
  • Ethers have a tetrahedral arrangement with an angle of 111.7 degrees due to repulsion.
  • Williamson synthesis involves the reaction of alkyl halide with sodium or potassium alakoxide to form ethers.
  • Ethers are mildly soluble in water and highly soluble in organic solvents due to the absence of hydrogen bonding.
  • Cleavage reactions with bathroom and sulfuric acid result in the formation of alcohol.
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