Universe Size Comparisons | Planets, Stars, Moons, Galaxies, Mountains, Whales & More Space Science

KLT・2 minutes read

The text provides a vast size comparison of objects in the universe, from planets and stars to galaxies and countries. It covers detailed information about sizes, locations, and characteristics of various celestial bodies and man-made structures.

Insights

  • The text provides a comprehensive size comparison of various objects in the universe, ranging from planets, stars, galaxies, man-made structures, to countries and celestial bodies. It offers a detailed look at the vast scale and diversity of entities within our universe.
  • It highlights the significant differences in size among astronomical objects, emphasizing the immense range from small asteroids like Vesta to supergiant stars like Stevenson 2-18, showcasing the vastness and diversity of celestial bodies that exist.
  • The comparison extends beyond astronomical objects to include man-made structures, countries, and even animal anatomy, illustrating the variety of scales present in different aspects of our world, from the microscopic to the cosmic, providing a holistic perspective on size and scale in the universe.

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Recent questions

  • What is the largest animal heart?

    Blue whale

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    IC 1101

  • What is the largest asteroid in the asteroid belt?

    Vesta

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    Burj Khalifa

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Summary

00:00

Size Comparison: Universe's Objects, Mountains, Whales, Pyramids

  • The text provides a size comparison of objects in the universe, starting from the smallest to the largest.
  • Objects mentioned include dwarf planets like Eris and Pluto, Earth's moon, and planets like Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, and Jupiter.
  • Moving on to stars, the text mentions the Sun, Sirius, Polaris, Arcturus, Aldebaran, Rigel, Betelgeuse, VY Canis Majoris, and the Milky Way galaxy.
  • The comparison then shifts to mountains in our solar system, detailing peaks like Mauna Kea, Lhotse, Kangchenjunga, K2, Mount Everest, Olympus Mons, and others on Mars.
  • The text further discusses various types of whales, including the Dwarf Sperm Whale, Pygmy Right Whale, Minke Whale, Gray Whale, Blue Whale, Humpback Whale, Sei Whale, Right Whale, Bowhead Whale, and the largest, the Blue Whale.
  • Lastly, the text explores man-made pyramids like the Memphis Pyramid, Bent Pyramid, Red Pyramid, Luxor Hotel, Pyramid of Khafre, Great Pyramid of Giza, Transamerica Pyramid, Al Faisaliah Center, The Shard, and the Ryugyong Hotel.
  • The United States' states are then listed by size, starting from Rhode Island as the smallest to Wyoming as the 42nd largest state.

18:30

State Rankings, Tallest Buildings, Moons, Galaxies

  • Arizona is the 45th state, New Mexico is the 46th, Montana is the 47th, California is the 48th, and Texas is the 49th state in the United States.
  • Alaska is the largest state, being the 50th in the mix.
  • The world's tallest buildings are introduced, including China Zun in Beijing, Tianjin CTF Finance Center, Guangzhou CTF Finance Center, One World Trade Center in New York, Lotte World Tower in Seoul, Golden Finance 117 Tower in Tianjin, Ping An Finance Center in Shenzhen, Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower, Shanghai Tower, and Burj Khalifa in Dubai.
  • Details about the height, ownership, square footage, number of floors, and completion year of each building are provided.
  • Various astronomical objects are discussed, such as Phoebe, 1999 KK, 2014 UZ224, 2018 VG18, Vesta, and others, detailing their diameters, locations, and characteristics.
  • A comparison of countries by size is presented, listing numerous countries from smallest to largest based on square mileage.
  • A moon size comparison within our solar system is outlined, featuring moons like Tethys, Dion, Ariel, Umbriel, Iapetus, Oberon, Titania, Triton, Europa, and Callisto, with their respective radii.
  • A galaxy size comparison is given, including galaxies like Segue 2 and Messier 32, with details on their radius and location in the observable universe.

39:59

Galaxies: Sizes, Shapes, and Discoveries

  • The Small Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf irregular galaxy, is 6,500 light years across and near the Milky Way.
  • Triangulum, a spiral galaxy also known as the Pinwheel Galaxy, has a diameter of 7,000 light years and was discovered in 1764.
  • The Whirlpool Galaxy, or Messier 51, is a spiral galaxy 50,000 light years across, discovered in 1773.
  • The Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral disc with a bright central bulge, 100,000 light years across, located on Orion's Arm.
  • Hoag's Object, a ring galaxy, is 121,000 light years across, discovered in 1958.
  • The Cartwheel Galaxy, a lenticular and ring galaxy, is 150,000 light years across, discovered in 1941.
  • M101, or the Pinwheel Galaxy, is 170,000 light years across, discovered in 1781.
  • Andromeda Galaxy, the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way, is 220,000 light years across.
  • NGC 6872, or Condor Galaxy, is a large part spiral galaxy, 121,000 light years across, discovered in 1835.
  • IC 1101, a super giant elliptical galaxy, is one million light years long, discovered in 1790, and is one of the largest known galaxies in the universe.

59:18

Japan and Greenland: Regions and Capitals

  • Japan consists of eight regions with a total of 47 prefectures.
  • Kyushu is the final region in Japan, comprising eight prefectures.
  • Greenland is the world's largest island, located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, and is an autonomous territory of Denmark.
  • Greenland has five municipalities, with Nuuk being the capital.
  • Greenland's municipalities include Ilulissat, Qaqortoq, Aasiaat, and Sermersooq.
  • Denmark is a country with two autonomous constituent countries and is located between the Baltic, Norwegian, and North Seas.
  • Copenhagen is the largest city in Denmark, situated in the northeast of the country.
  • Denmark's regions include Midtjylland, Nordjylland, and Sjaelland.
  • Denmark's southernmost region is Syddanmark, bordering Germany.
  • The Faroe Islands, an autonomous country within Denmark, has its capital in Torshavn.

01:26:51

"Comparing Sizes: Hearts, Asteroids, Stars, Planets, Countries"

  • An elephant's heart weighs between 26 to 46 pounds, enabling it to beat around 30 times per minute, totaling 43,000 times daily.
  • A blue whale possesses the largest heart in the animal kingdom, weighing approximately 400 pounds, with a low heart rate of two beats per minute, amounting to 2,800 beats daily.
  • Vesta is one of the largest asteroids in the asteroid belt, discovered in 1807 by German astronomer Hendrik Olbers, named after the Roman goddess of home and hearth.
  • Vesta is the second-largest asteroid in the asteroid belt, located between Mars and Jupiter, with a mean diameter of 525 kilometers or 326 miles.
  • Stevenson 2-18 is a red supergiant star, the largest known, with an estimated radius 2,150 times that of the sun, discovered by American astronomer Charles Bruce Stevenson in 1990.
  • Stevenson 2-18 is located in the constellation of Scutum, approximately 20,000 light-years away from Earth, shining with 440,000 solar luminosities and an effective temperature of 3200 Kelvin.
  • The solar system's planets are compared by size, including dwarf planets like Pluto and Eris, as well as exoplanets like Kepler-37b and Gliese 876d.
  • A country comparison by size showcases various nations, from the smallest like Vatican City and Monaco to the largest, such as Russia and Canada, based on square mileage.
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