What were the main goals of the First Crusade?

To reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control.

What event led to the beginning of the First Crusade?

The Battle of Manzikert in 1071.

By achieving victories at Nicaea and Dorylaeum.

Starvation and desertions among the Crusaders.

The First Crusade was initiated by Pope Urban II in response to the Byzantine Empire seeking help against the Seljuk Turks, leading to a successful capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders in 1099.
Despite facing challenges like starvation, desertions, and internal divisions, the Crusaders managed to adapt to their Turkish enemies' tactics, achieving victories at Nicaea, Dorylaeum, and ultimately capturing Antioch before storming Jerusalem, marking the success of the First Crusade.

What were the main goals of the First Crusade?
To reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control.
Who led the People's Crusade?
Peter Hermit.
What event led to the beginning of the First Crusade?
The Battle of Manzikert in 1071.
How did the Crusaders adapt to their Turkish enemies?
By achieving victories at Nicaea and Dorylaeum.
What challenges did the Crusaders face during the siege of Antioch?
Starvation and desertions among the Crusaders.

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In the Middle Ages, Europe and the Middle East were divided between Christian states and Muslim states, often at war.
The Seljuk Turks, originally from Central Asia, converted to Sunni Islam and defeated the Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Manzikert in 1071.
The Byzantine Empire sought military help from Western Christians in 1095, leading to Pope Urban II's call for a crusade to reclaim Jerusalem.
Thousands of lords, knights, and commoners vowed to fight for Christ, becoming crusaders identified by carrying a cross.
The People's Crusade, led by Peter Hermit, faced challenges like attacking Jewish communities and ill-preparedness.
The main Crusade force, led by powerful feudal lords, gathered in Constantinople, forming a large army.
The Crusaders adapted to the Turkish enemy's tactics, achieving victories at Nicaea and Dorylaeum.
Antioch posed a significant challenge, leading to starvation and desertions among the Crusaders.
The Crusaders miraculously captured Antioch, facing a massive Turkish army under Kür Bugha.
Despite internal divisions, the Crusaders, reduced in number, successfully stormed Jerusalem in 1099.

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The crusaders built two siege towers using recovered wood to directly attack Jerusalem's outer wall, stationing one with Raymond of Toulouse's forces in the southwest and the other with Godfrey of Bouillon's troops in the north.
The final assault on Jerusalem began on July 15, 1099, with Godfrey of Bouillon's troops managing to breach the city walls, leading to a brutal rampage resulting in the city's capture. The First Crusade achieved its goal, with subsequent battles securing the Crusader states, although Pope Urban II passed away before learning of Jerusalem's fall.