Who were the Hittites?

An ancient empire rivaling Assyrians and Egyptians.

What was the significance of Anatolia in ancient times?

Anatolia had valuable metals and ancient settlements.

Hakushili was a Hittite king who established the Hittite Empire.

Weak rulers and internal strife caused decline.

The Hittites engaged in conflicts and alliances with Assyrians, Egyptians, and Babylonians.

The Hittites, a powerful ancient empire, rose to prominence in Anatolia due to conquests by rulers like Picanha and Hakushili, expanding their influence through military campaigns and wealth accumulation.
Internal strife, weak rulers, and external pressures from enemies like the Mitanni and Egyptians contributed to the gradual decline of the Hittite Empire, leading to territorial losses and eventual peace treaties that marked the end of their dominance in the region.

Who were the Hittites?
An ancient empire rivaling Assyrians and Egyptians.
What was the significance of Anatolia in ancient times?
Anatolia had valuable metals and ancient settlements.
Who was Hakushili and what did he establish?
Hakushili was a Hittite king who established the Hittite Empire.
What led to the decline of the Hittite Empire?
Weak rulers and internal strife caused decline.
How did the Hittites interact with other ancient civilizations?
The Hittites engaged in conflicts and alliances with Assyrians, Egyptians, and Babylonians.

00:00

The program discusses the Hittites, an ancient empire that rivaled the Assyrians and Egyptians.
Anatolia, the region of focus, is described with its physical contrasts and ancient settlements like Chatel Hyeok.
During the early Bronze Age, Anatolia's mountain settlements became significant due to the presence of valuable metals like copper and tin.
Picanha, ruler of Kisara, conquered Knish, leading to city rivalries and wealth accumulation in Anatolia.
Anita, Picanha's ambitious son, conquered cities like Zalta and Pollusa, amassing gold and silver.
Anita's rule led to submission from neighboring kingdoms, sparing lives and cities.
Hakushili, possibly the first Hittite king, commissioned the Anita text, establishing the Hittite Empire.
Hakushili's conquests included Aleppo and Babylon, showcasing Hittite power and ambition.
Hakushili's grandson, Mursili I, continued the conquests, capturing Aleppo and attacking Babylon.
Mursili's conquest of Babylon was aided by local enemies and aimed at gaining wealth, prestige, and geopolitical power.

15:53

Vasily faced challenges in Mesopotamia due to manpower and administrative limitations.
Babylonia was ruled by the Hittites for 400 years, leading to instability after Vasily's assassination.
Successors Siddhanta, Emunah, and Kuzia were weak rulers, causing the Hittite state to lose territory and prestige.
The Koshka tribe raided Hittite towns, threatening the capital of Hattusa.
Telly Pnew consolidated Hittite lands and formed alliances, focusing on domestic stability.
Telly Pnew's successors saw a decline, with weak rulers and internal strife.
King - Thalia the first faced challenges from the rising Mitanni power.
Tattaglia successfully defended against Mitanni-inspired revolts in Hittite cities.
Tattaglia's campaigns against Arzawa and Mitanni led to victories and pacification.
Supa Lulu Yuma reclaimed Hittite lands, defeated enemies, and expanded influence, facing challenges from the Mitanni and Egyptians.

32:00

Father calls council after receiving letter from Egyptian queen, who demands one of his sons as her husband to become king of Egypt.
Chipola glioma sends one of his sons to Egypt, but the son dies mysteriously on the way, likely by Egyptians trying to prevent a foreign ruler.
Hittites and Egyptians battle in Canaan, Hittites win but bring back a plague that claims the lives of Chipola glioma and his successor.
Mursili II succeeds Chipola glioma, pacifies Koshka, and expands Hittite territory to the Aegean Sea and Anatolia.
Egyptians incite revolts in Hittite territories, causing unrest and challenges for Hittite rulers.
Ramses II attacks Hittite border near Kadesh, resulting in a military stalemate and withdrawal of Egyptian forces from the area.
Assyrians conquer Mitanni lands, creating a new province and sharing a border with the Hittites.
Hattusili III forms alliance with Babylon, but it ends when Babylonian king changes and faces pressure from Assyrians.
Hattusili III makes peace with Egyptians, marries his daughter to Ramses II, and passes on the throne to his son Tudhaliya IV, marking the decline of the Hittite Empire.