Structure of an atom ch#4 pg# 48 secondary Science class 7 explanation with Test yourself
Garrison Student Hub・2 minutes read
Atoms are tiny particles made up of a dense nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. Rutherford's experiment involving gold foil led to the discovery of the nucleus and disproved Thomson's Plum Pudding Model.
Insights
- Atoms are composed of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons, maintaining electrical neutrality.
- Rutherford's experiment debunked Thomson's Plum Pudding Model by revealing the existence of a dense nucleus within atoms through the gold foil experiment, altering the understanding of atomic structure.
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Recent questions
What is the structure of an atom?
An atom consists of a dense nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
How did Rutherford disprove Thomson's model?
Rutherford discovered a dense nucleus in the atom.
What did Rutherford's experiment reveal about atoms?
Atoms have a central positively charged nucleus.
How small are atoms in size?
Atoms are incredibly small, measuring about 1 cm across.
What is the relationship between protons and electrons in an atom?
The number of electrons in an atom is always equal to the number of protons.
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Summary
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Atom Structure: Nucleus, Electrons, and Discoveries
- Atoms are incredibly small, with 100 million of them side by side measuring only about 1 cm across, making them difficult to visualize without a microscope.
- An atom consists of a dense nucleus containing positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
- The number of electrons in an atom is always equal to the number of protons, ensuring overall electrical neutrality.
- Thomson's Plum Pudding Model of the atom, with electrons embedded in a positive matter, was later disproved by Rutherford's discovery of a dense nucleus at the atom's center.
- Rutherford's experiment involved firing positively charged particles at a thin gold foil, leading to the discovery of the nucleus and disproving Thomson's model.
- The experiment showed that atoms have a nucleus that causes particles to bounce back, indicating the presence of a central positively charged center within the atom.
