Standardisierte Echokardiographie - Normalbefund

KardioDoc.Kassel・2 minutes read

The standardized graphic examination involves recording specific section levels in a particular order, with a focus on key parameters such as left ventricle measurements and ejection fraction calculations. Various Doppler signals and views are used to assess valve function, flow speeds, and diastolic function, providing a comprehensive evaluation during the examination.

Insights

  • Measurements of left atrium diameter, left ventricle systolic diameter, and ejection fraction are crucial for diagnostic accuracy in hypertrophy assessments.
  • Utilizing Doppler signals and tissue Doppler assessments aids in evaluating blood flow speeds, diastolic functions, and pressure gradients, providing comprehensive insights into cardiac health during standardized examinations.

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Recent questions

  • How is the left ventricle examined?

    By measuring diameter, wall thickness, and mass.

  • What is the ejection fraction used for?

    To calculate hypertrophy diagnostics.

  • How is diastolic function assessed?

    By measuring early and late phase speeds.

  • What is the purpose of Doppler signal assessment?

    To evaluate flow over the communal valve.

  • How is tissue Doppler utilized in the examination?

    To assess mitral valve movement and pressure values.

Related videos

Summary

00:00

Cardiac Examination: Key Measurements and Observations

  • The standardized I OK graphic examination involves recording specific section levels in a particular order.
  • Demographic data, height, weight, and blood pressure are initially recorded, with a focus on the left ventricle, neutral sails, and other structures.
  • The examination starts with the parallel long axis, showcasing the left ventricle, left atrium, and aortic valve.
  • Measurements of the left atrium diameter and wall thicknesses are crucial, with a focus on end-diastole for accurate readings.
  • The systolic diameter of the left ventricle, septum thickness, and left ventricular mass are measured for diagnostic purposes.
  • The ejection fraction, a key parameter in hypertrophy diagnostics, is calculated using specific formulas.
  • The exclusion tract and diastolic meter measurements provide insights into valve function and ventricular size.
  • The 2D image is preferred for measurements due to better correction capabilities for oblique views.
  • The short axis view aids in identifying regional wall movement disorders and segment assignments.
  • Observations of the mitral valve in the short axis view help assess valve function and potential leaks.

20:15

Identifying Heart Structures with Metrix 80

  • The right metrix 80 is used to identify stations in a specific location.
  • The diaphragm is located at the bottom left, descending towards the back.
  • The heart is tilted, allowing a view of the red flap in the plane.
  • The red flap is visible with three pockets and a Mercedes star.
  • Different pockets are identified, such as the left coronary pocket.
  • The aortic valve is observed with the jerseys pedal flap and puma flap.
  • The Doppler signal is used to assess flow over the communal valve.
  • The four chamber view is utilized to evaluate left ventricular function and wall movement.
  • Automatic methods with artificial intelligence are employed to determine action fraction.
  • Mitral and aortic valve function are assessed for insufficiency and turbulence.

40:09

Assessing Diastolic Function with Doppler Signals

  • The Doppler signal is derived from the mitral valve, positioned between the open leaflets for diastolic assessment.
  • The pulsed Doppler is placed between the open mitral valve leaflets to assess diastole, showing blood flow speed peaks.
  • The early diastole phase indicates passive filling, followed by a phase with little blood flow.
  • The diastolic function assessment involves measuring the early and late phase maximum speeds and the deceleration time.
  • The recommendation is to measure at the outer edge of the white oil curve for accurate diastolic function assessment.
  • Automatic measurements can be conducted for diastolic function assessment, showing ratios that indicate normal or restrictive functional disorders.
  • The pulsed Doppler is derived below the aortic valve in the left ventricular outflow tract to assess blood flow speed.
  • Continuous Doppler measures flow velocity over the entire Doppler beam, with speeds not exceeding 1.5 meters per second indicating normal flow.
  • Tissue Doppler assesses the mitral valve movement in relation to the local movement, showing peaks corresponding to transmitral Doppler waves.
  • Quantitative analysis of tissue Doppler measurements can help determine normal or abnormal diastolic pressure values.

01:00:27

"Cardiac Flow Dynamics and Valve Function Analysis"

  • Backflow speed is approximately 2.3 meters per second, leading to a maximum pressure gradient of 21 mm Hg, with considerations for central pressure and municipal systolic pressure not exceeding 30 mm Hg.
  • Detailed examination of right ventricular instructions, including valve proportions and the influence of the right ventricle, can provide valuable insights, especially in cases of insufficiency.
  • Assessment during the standard examination involves evaluating the communal valve, API bald levels, regional wall functions, valve function in color pot and spectral Doppler, diastolic function, and subcostal views for comprehensive analysis.
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