"Probing the Dark Universe" - A Lecture by Dr. Josh Frieman
Fermilab・2 minutes read
Fery Lab introduces upcoming events and lectures in physics, astronomy, and dark matter, focusing on expanding knowledge through various presentations and exhibits. The exploration of dark energy and matter, the composition of the universe, and ongoing surveys provide insights into the fundamental mysteries of physics and the evolution of the cosmos.
Insights
- Fery Lab, introduced by Andre Sals, hosts diverse events like concerts, lectures, and exhibits, showcasing a range of topics from climate change to gravitational waves.
- Dark matter, a major component of the universe, holds galaxies together, with research indicating its likely composition as weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs).
- The universe's accelerated expansion, driven by dark energy, challenges traditional gravitational theories, with dark energy constituting 70% of the universe's composition, driving crucial research through projects like the Dark Energy Survey.
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Recent questions
What events are scheduled at Fery Lab?
Fery Lab, introduced by Andre Sals, hosts various events like a concert featuring flutists Jennifer Gunn and Tim Monroe, a lecture on climate change by Dr. Phil Mo, a performance by Stars of Dance Chicago, and a new lecture on gravitational waves by Barry Beish. Additionally, there is an exhibit called "Art of Darkness" from the Dark Energy survey displayed in the art gallery. Public tours of the particle physics laboratory are offered on Wednesdays at 10:30 a.m., and discussions by experts like Dr. Josh Freeman on the Dark Universe are also part of the schedule.
What is dark matter and its role in galaxies?
Dark matter is a mysterious form of mass that does not emit light or energy but exerts gravitational forces, holding stars in their orbits within galaxies. Research by Ruben and collaborators found that stars' rotation speed around galaxies increases and flattens out at a higher value due to the presence of dark matter. Galaxies are primarily composed of dark matter, with evidence found through gravitational lensing in individual galaxies. Techniques like galaxy-galaxy lensing have been used to study the typical mass of galaxies, revealing dark matter halos around luminous galaxies.
How is dark energy related to the universe's expansion?
Dark energy, constituting 70% of the universe's composition, plays a crucial role in the universe's expansion. Initially expected to slow down due to gravity, the expansion was discovered to be accelerating, challenging previous beliefs. This acceleration, attributed to dark energy or a different behavior of gravity on cosmic scales, poses a mystery in physics. The composition of the universe, with dark energy, dark matter, and ordinary matter, changes over time as the universe expands, impacting the formation of structures by gravity. Understanding dark energy is essential for predicting the future evolution of the universe.
What is the significance of the Dark Energy Survey?
The Dark Energy Survey, initiated in 2013 and supported by the US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation, aims to map the universe to study its expansion and clumpiness, providing insights into dark energy. Techniques like galaxy clusters, gravitational lensing, galaxy distribution, and supernovae observations are utilized in the survey. An international collaboration of 400 scientists uses the Blanco telescope in Chile, equipped with a high-resolution camera to capture images of galaxies for analysis. The survey's findings help in understanding dark energy and the universe's evolution.
How does dark matter impact the structure of the universe?
Dark matter, a significant component of the universe's composition, influences the formation of large-scale structures like the cosmic web. It interacts through gravity, causing galaxies to form and cluster together. Techniques like weak gravitational lensing are used to study the distribution of dark matter and its impact on the universe's evolution. Recent discoveries of nearby dwarf galaxies rich in dark matter and the mapping of dark matter halos around luminous galaxies provide valuable insights into the role of dark matter in shaping the structure of the universe.
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