Pharmacology – MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES (MADE EASY)
Speed Pharmacology・7 minutes read
The menstrual cycle involves ovulation in females and consists of two phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase, each controlled by different hormones. Hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy by suppressing ovulation or fertilization through the use of synthetic estrogen and progestin, mimicking natural hormonal fluctuations.
Insights
- The menstrual cycle consists of two main phases, the follicular and luteal phases, where different hormones are released to prepare the body for potential pregnancy and regulate the menstrual process.
- Hormonal contraceptives, such as birth control pills, utilize synthetic estrogen and progestin to prevent ovulation and mimic natural hormonal changes, offering effective methods for birth control by altering the menstrual cycle's regular processes.
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Recent questions
What are the two phases of the menstrual cycle?
Follicular phase and luteal phase
How do hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy?
Suppress ovulation or fertilization
What role does estrogen play in the menstrual cycle?
Prepare uterine lining for pregnancy
How do birth control pills work to prevent pregnancy?
Inhibit ovulation and mimic hormonal fluctuations
What is the function of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?
Produce progesterone to support uterine lining
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Summary
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Understanding the Menstrual Cycle and Birth Control
- The menstrual cycle is a monthly occurrence of ovulation in females, involving the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, and uterus.
- The cycle is typically 28 days long, divided into two phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase.
- In the follicular phase, FSH and LH are released, leading to the maturation of eggs and the thickening of the uterine lining.
- Estrogen levels rise, causing the uterine lining to prepare for pregnancy and inhibiting further FSH and LH production.
- The luteal phase begins after ovulation, with the corpus luteum producing progesterone to support the uterine lining and create a barrier to sperm.
- Hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy by suppressing ovulation or fertilization, with combined and progestin-only methods available.
- Birth control pills, whether monophasic or multiphasic, work by delivering synthetic estrogen and progestin to inhibit ovulation and mimic natural hormonal fluctuations.
