New Oxford Modern English Book 8| Chapter 4 Extreme Weather| Explanation part 1 in detail

Ms Mariya・2 minutes read

The text explores weather, discussing different types of extreme temperatures, weather patterns, and unique climates in various regions worldwide. It also touches on the impact of weather on life, mentioning how humans and organisms adapt to survive in extreme weather conditions.

Insights

  • Different planets have unique weather patterns due to their distance from the sun, impacting temperature, precipitation, and other conditions, leading to variations in seasons and extreme weather challenges.
  • Extreme temperatures, ranging from 53.5 °C in Pakistan to -91 °C in Antarctica, create inhospitable environments for life, necessitating adaptations and precautions for survival, with scientists studying these conditions to understand weather patterns and their impact on ecosystems.

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Recent questions

  • What are homonyms and homophones?

    Homonyms are words that sound and are spelled the same but have different meanings, while homophones are words that sound the same but have different meanings and spellings.

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Summary

00:00

Extreme Weather: Impacts and Adaptations

  • The text discusses Chapter Four of the New Oxford Modern English Book Eight, focusing on word meanings and their explanations.
  • It explains the difference between homonyms and homophones, using the example of the word "weather" to illustrate the concept.
  • The text delves into how different planets have unique weather cycles and variations due to their distance from the sun, affecting temperature, precipitation, dryness, and heat.
  • It highlights the presence of four seasons in some areas while others experience direct transitions between winter and summer.
  • Humans have developed various tools like umbrellas, sunscreen, air conditioning, and thermal clothing to protect themselves from extreme weather conditions.
  • Despite technological advancements, extreme weather still poses challenges, especially in very hot or cold areas.
  • Weather stations worldwide play a crucial role in monitoring and predicting weather conditions to help people prepare and stay safe.
  • Scientists analyze long-term weather records to predict future weather patterns accurately.
  • The text mentions the hottest and coldest parts of the world, with temperatures reaching extreme levels like 53.5 °C in Pakistan and 56.6 °C in other regions.
  • Life struggles to thrive in extreme temperatures, with some areas like the Antarctic Ice Sheet recording temperatures as low as -91 °C, making it inhospitable for most forms of life.

13:44

Extreme Cold: Life, Survival, and Deserts

  • Scientists study extreme cold locations through data from ice stations and satellites to understand weather patterns.
  • Life exists in very cold regions like Russia, Canada, Mongolia, Greece, and Alaska, with temperatures well below 0 degrees Celsius.
  • Survival in these cold areas is challenging, requiring strong immunity and precautions.
  • Oymyakon, Russia, with 500 residents, records an average daily temperature of -46 degrees Celsius in January.
  • Deserts receive less than 25 cm of precipitation annually, with various types of deserts globally.
  • One-third of Earth's land is desert biome, supporting only specific plants and animals adapted to the environment.
  • Deserts form through weathering processes due to extreme temperatures and wind patterns.
  • The Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest non-polar region globally, receiving minimal rainfall.
  • Antarctica, despite its snowy reputation, houses the driest place on Earth with low humidity and dry valleys.
  • Antarctica's dry valleys experience powerful winds up to 320 km per hour, evaporating any ice or snow, leading to no precipitation.

26:53

Contrasting Landscapes: Arid Mars-like vs. Wettest Village

  • Scientists are intrigued by the arid landscape that resembles Mars due to the lack of water, making it a prime location for study.
  • The wettest place on Earth, the village of Mosan Ram in Meghalaya, receives an average of 12 meters of rainfall annually, attracting tourists with lush vegetation, cascading waterfalls, and extensive caves.
  • The heavy rainfall in the region, caused by warm winds from the Bay of Bengal, leads to floods during the monsoon season, with an average yearly rainfall of over 11 meters.
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