Morphology of Flowering Plants Class 11 | Biology | For NEET | Full Revision In 20 Minutes

English World・2 minutes read

Chapter 20 C of Biology in class 11th covers the root system, stems, leaves, inflorescence arrangements, reproductive organs of flowers, and types of flowers, emphasizing the structures and functions of each plant part. The economic importance of plant families like Brassicaceae and Solanaceae is highlighted, stressing the significance of understanding floral formulas for various plants like tomato, brinjal, and potato for food and medicinal purposes.

Insights

  • Different plants exhibit various root systems, such as tap roots in mustard plants and fibrous roots in wheat plants, which play crucial roles in water absorption, anchorage, and growth regulation.
  • Understanding the floral structures of plants, including the arrangement of reproductive organs like calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium, as well as the distinctions between actinomorphic and zygomorphic flowers, is essential for recognizing the economic importance of plant families like Brassicaceae and Solanaceae for food and medicinal purposes.

Get key ideas from YouTube videos. It’s free

Recent questions

  • What are the main parts of a flower?

    The main parts of a flower include the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. The calyx consists of sepals, the corolla consists of petals, the androecium contains stamens, and the gynoecium is the female reproductive part.

  • How do roots aid in plant growth?

    Roots aid in plant growth by absorbing water and minerals, providing anchorage for the plant, and regulating growth synthesis. Different root regions like the root cap, meristematic activity, elongation, and maturation zones play crucial roles in root function.

  • What is the function of stems in plants?

    Stems in plants conduct water, minerals, and photosynthesis, supporting branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits. They also have additional functions like food storage and providing structural support to the plant.

  • What are the different leaf types?

    There are simple and compound leaves, with compound leaves further categorized into pinnate and palmate based on leaflet arrangements. Leaves consist of a base, petiole, and lamina, with veins aiding in transport.

  • How are flowers classified based on symmetry?

    Flowers can exhibit actinomorphic (radial symmetry) or zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry) based on their structure. Actinomorphic flowers are radially symmetrical, while zygomorphic flowers have bilateral symmetry.

Related videos

Summary

00:00

Plant Anatomy and Physiology in Class 11

  • Chapter 20 C of Bio in class 11th focuses on the Mofos of Planning Plants.
  • The primary root system includes primary, secondary, and tertiary roots, forming a tap root system seen in mustard plants.
  • Monocots have a short-lived primary root replaced by numerous roots, leading to a fibrous root system as seen in wheat plants.
  • Adventitious roots in plants like grasses and Banyan trees originate from plant parts, aiding in water absorption, anchorage, and growth regulation synthesis.
  • Root regions include the root cap, meristematic activity, elongation, and maturation zones with root hairs for water and mineral absorption.
  • Stems conduct water, minerals, and photosynthesis, supporting branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits, with additional functions like food storage and support.
  • Leaves consist of a base, petiole, and lamina, with veins aiding in transport and venation patterns like reticular and parallel seen in dicots and monocots.
  • Leaf types include simple and compound leaves, with pinnate and palmate compound leaves having different leaflet arrangements.
  • Phyllotaxis refers to leaf arrangement on stems, with alternate, opposite, and whorled patterns seen in plants like China Rose, Calotropis, and Estonia.
  • Inflorescence arrangements like racemose and cymose determine flower growth patterns on the floral axis, with different growth characteristics and flower succession.

09:12

"Anatomy and Symmetry of Flower Reproduction"

  • The reproductive organs of a flower include the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium.
  • A flower can be bisexual if it contains both stamens and carpels, or unisexual if it has only stamens or only carpels.
  • Flowers can exhibit actinomorphic (radial symmetry) or zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry) based on their structure.
  • Flowers can be divided into actinophila (radial symmetry) or zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry) based on their structure.
  • Flowers can be trimerous (three parts), tetramerous (four parts), or pentamerous (five parts) based on the number of floral appendages.
  • Different types of flowers include hypogynous, perigynous, and epigynous, based on the position of the ovary in relation to other floral parts.
  • The calyx of a flower consists of sepals, which can be gamosepalous (united) or polysepalous (free).
  • The corolla of a flower consists of petals, which can be gamopetalous (united) or polypetalous (free).
  • Estivation refers to the arrangement of sepals and petals in a floral bud, with types including valvate, twisted, imbricate, and vexillary.
  • The androecium of a flower consists of stamens, which can be arranged in different ways such as apetalous, monadelphous, diadelphous, or polyadelphous.
  • The gynoecium of a flower is the female reproductive part, composed of carpels with stigma, style, and ovary, which can exhibit different types of placentation such as marginal, axile, parietal, basal, central, or free-central.

18:48

Seed Structure and Floral Formulas in Plants

  • The endosperm in seeds separates the embryo through a proteinaceous layer known as Allen's layer, with the embryo situated in a groove at one end of the endosperm, consisting of a large shielded cutlet and a scutellum inside mono seeds, forming the structure of monocot seeds.
  • A detailed diagram provided in class 12th is crucial for understanding the technical descriptions of typical flowering plants, including the floral formula denoting calyx (B), corolla (C), and the characteristics of actinomorphic and zygomorphic flowers.
  • The economic importance of the Brassicaceae family, particularly the Solanaceae family known as the Potato family, is highlighted, emphasizing the significance of remembering floral formulas for various plants like tomato, brinjal, and potato, which serve as sources of food and medicinal value.
Channel avatarChannel avatarChannel avatarChannel avatarChannel avatar

Try it yourself — It’s free.