Metals and Non-metals Class 8 Science Chapter 4 in one Shot | BYJU'S - Class 8

Recent questions

• What is a chemical reaction?

  A chemical reaction is a process where substances, known as reactants, undergo a transformation to form new substances called products. This transformation involves the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition and properties of the original materials. Chemical reactions can be classified into various types, such as synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, and double displacement reactions. Understanding chemical reactions is fundamental in chemistry, as they explain how different elements and compounds interact with each other, which is crucial for applications in fields like medicine, engineering, and environmental science.

• How do metals conduct electricity?

  Metals conduct electricity due to the presence of free-moving electrons within their structure. When a voltage is applied, these electrons can move easily through the metal, allowing electric current to flow. This property is attributed to the metallic bond, where electrons are not bound to any specific atom and can move freely, making metals excellent conductors of electricity. For instance, copper is widely used in electrical wiring because of its high conductivity. Understanding how metals conduct electricity is essential for various applications, including electrical engineering and electronics, where efficient energy transfer is crucial.

• What are non-metals used for?

  Non-metals play a vital role in various applications across different fields. For example, oxygen is essential for respiration in living organisms, while nitrogen is commonly used in fertilizers to enhance plant growth. Non-metals like chlorine are utilized in water purification processes, ensuring safe drinking water, and iodine is known for its antiseptic properties, making it important in medical settings. Additionally, non-metals are involved in numerous chemical reactions that are fundamental to life and industry. Their diverse applications highlight the significance of understanding non-metals and their properties in both everyday life and scientific contexts.

• What is ductility in metals?

  Ductility is a physical property of metals that allows them to be stretched into thin wires without breaking. This characteristic is due to the ability of metal atoms to slide past one another while maintaining their metallic bonds. Copper is a prime example of a ductile metal, commonly used in electrical wiring because it can be drawn into long, thin strands. Ductility is an important property in manufacturing and construction, as it enables the creation of various shapes and forms of metal products. Understanding ductility helps in selecting appropriate materials for specific applications, ensuring structural integrity and functionality.

• Why are some metals stored in kerosene?

  Certain metals, such as sodium and potassium, are highly reactive and can react violently with water, leading to dangerous situations. To prevent these metals from coming into contact with moisture, they are stored in kerosene, which acts as a protective barrier. Kerosene is a non-polar solvent that does not react with these metals, ensuring their stability and safety during storage. This practice is crucial in laboratories and industrial settings where reactive metals are handled, as it minimizes the risk of accidents and ensures safe management of hazardous materials. Understanding the proper storage methods for reactive metals is essential for safety in chemical handling.