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Lesson 7: The Internet

TeacherCat 4U・7 minutes read

The internet is a global network that enables communication and access to data through various servers and ISPs, with its public expansion starting around 1995. Major components include application, web, and mail servers, as well as essential protocols like HTTP and HTTPS, which facilitate secure data communication.

Insights

  • The internet is a vast, interconnected network that emerged as a public resource around 1995, transitioning from NSFNET to commercial service providers, which significantly broadened access and communication capabilities globally.
  • Various server types play essential roles in the internet's functionality, including application, web, proxy, mail, file, and policy servers, each serving specific purposes that facilitate everything from data management to security, highlighting the complex infrastructure that underpins online activities.

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Recent questions

  • What is the internet?

    The internet is a globally connected network system that enables communication and access to data resources across various private, public, business, academic, and government networks. It has significantly expanded since around 1995, when it transitioned from being primarily managed by the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) to being accessible through commercial internet service providers. This shift allowed a broader audience to utilize the internet for various purposes, including information sharing, social interaction, and business transactions, making it an essential tool in modern society.

  • What are internet service providers?

    Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are organizations that offer access to the internet for individuals and businesses. They can be categorized into regional ISPs, which serve specific geographic areas, and national ISPs, which provide broader access across cities and towns. An example of a national ISP is PLDT in the Philippines. ISPs play a crucial role in connecting users to the internet, facilitating communication, and enabling access to online resources, thereby supporting the digital infrastructure that underpins modern connectivity.

  • How do web browsers work?

    Web browsers are applications designed to allow users to access and navigate websites on the internet. They interpret and display HTML pages, enabling users to interact with various online content. Popular examples of web browsers include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Safari. When a user enters a web address, the browser sends a request to the appropriate web server, retrieves the requested information, and presents it in a user-friendly format. This process is essential for accessing the vast array of information and services available online.

  • What are internet protocols?

    Internet protocols are standardized rules that govern how data is transmitted over the internet. Key protocols include HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), which is used for transferring web pages, and HTTPS (HTTP Secure), which adds a layer of encryption for secure communication. These protocols ensure that data is sent and received accurately and securely between devices. Additionally, routers play a vital role in managing network traffic, directing data packets to their intended destinations, whether through wired or wireless connections, thus facilitating seamless internet connectivity.

  • What is a domain name?

    A domain name serves as the internet's address system, allowing users to easily access websites without needing to remember complex numerical IP addresses. Each domain name typically reflects the type of organization it represents, such as educational or governmental, and includes a country code that indicates its geographical origin. For example, www.isu.edu.ph denotes an educational institution in the Philippines. Domain names are essential for navigating the internet, as they provide a user-friendly way to locate and identify online resources and services.

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Summary

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Understanding the Internet's Structure and Functionality

  • The internet is defined as a globally connected network system that facilitates worldwide communication and access to data resources through a vast collection of private, public, business, academic, and government networks, with its public availability expanding significantly around 1995 after the transition from NSFNET to commercial internet service providers.
  • Major components of the internet include various types of servers: application servers that provide business logic for applications, web servers that serve HTML pages, proxy servers that act as intermediaries between devices and servers, mail servers that manage email communications, file servers for data storage and management, and policy servers that provide security and authorization services within a network.
  • Browsers are applications that allow users to access websites, with examples including Facebook.com, and domain names serve as the internet's address system, where examples include www.isu.edu.ph and www.doh.gov.ph, indicating the type of organization (e.g., educational or governmental) and country code (e.g., .ph for the Philippines).
  • Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are organizations that provide access to the internet, categorized into regional ISPs that serve specific geographic areas and national ISPs that provide access across cities and towns, with PLDT being an example of a national ISP in the Philippines.
  • Key internet protocols include HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) for data communication on web pages, HTTPS for secure communication with encryption, and the use of routers to manage network traffic, with routers being either wired or wireless devices that connect homes or businesses to their ISPs.
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