Величайшие ошибки в истории физики!
Физика от Побединского・2 minutes read
In history, various scientific theories, like the Volcano Planet and theories on atoms, light, and Earth's structure, have been disproven or replaced over time, challenging long-standing beliefs and advancing our understanding of the world. The evolution of scientific knowledge, from Newton's law of universal gravitation to modern quantum mechanics, showcases the continuous refinement and improvement of theories through observation, experimentation, and new discoveries.
Insights
- Scientific theories throughout history have been challenged and replaced by more accurate explanations, such as the transition from the caloric theory to the molecular kinetic theory, showcasing the evolution of scientific knowledge over time.
- Einstein's theories, like general relativity in 1915 and the theory of relativity in 1905, have played a crucial role in debunking outdated ideas like the luminiferous ether theory and emission theories, emphasizing the importance of continually refining scientific understanding.
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Recent questions
What is the Volcano Planet?
A hypothetical planet between Mercury and the Sun.
What is the luminiferous ether theory?
An outdated theory explaining light as a wave.
What was John Dalton's contribution?
Discovery of atoms and law of multiple ratios.
What is the caloric theory?
An outdated theory describing thermal processes.
What is the significance of Mendeleev's periodic law?
Revolutionized the study of atoms beyond simplistic models.
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Summary
00:00
"Outdated Scientific Theories Throughout History"
- In the 19th century, a mysterious planet, referred to as the Volcano Planet, was believed to exist between Mercury and the Sun due to discrepancies in Mercury's orbit.
- Urbain Le Verrier, who predicted Neptune's existence, suggested the presence of the Volcano Planet, influencing Mercury's movement.
- Newton's law of universal gravitation initially explained the orbit discrepancies, but Einstein's general theory of relativity in 1915 provided a more accurate explanation, rendering the Volcano Planet unnecessary.
- Throughout history, scientific theories, even in modern science, have been proven fundamentally incorrect, challenging long-held beliefs.
- Examples of outdated theories include those concerning the atom's structure, light propagation, Earth's structure, and the concept of luminiferous ether.
- In the 15th century, scientific theories began to emerge, such as the phlogiston theory explaining combustion, later replaced by the more accurate oxygen theory.
- The caloric theory, describing thermal processes, was eventually replaced by the molecular kinetic theory, explaining heat as molecular movement.
- The law of conservation of energy, formulated in the mid-19th century, was a fundamental principle, replacing earlier theories like caloric and phlogiston.
- In the 18th century, theories of electricity and magnetism involving fluids were prevalent, eventually replaced by the concept of fields.
- The luminiferous ether theory, explaining light as a wave, was replaced by Einstein's theory of relativity in 1905, rendering the ether unnecessary and outdated.
14:06
Evolution of Atomic Theories: A Timeline
- In 1924, a Michelson Morley experiment using Starlight found no deviations, leading to the dismissal of emission theories.
- John Dalton discovered atoms, formulated the law of multiple ratios, and introduced the concept of color blindness.
- Dalton's theory, despite errors, marked a significant advancement in understanding matter.
- Mendeleev's periodic law in the 20th century revolutionized the study of atoms, moving beyond the simplistic models.
- William Thompson proposed the vortex theory in the 19th century, describing atoms as vortices in the luminiferous ether.
- The cubic model in 1902 placed electrons at the vertices of a cube, explaining valency but failing to address other aspects.
- The pudding model in 1904 depicted atoms as positively charged with electrons floating within, later disproven by Rutherford's experiments.
- Rutherford's experiments in 1911 revealed the nucleus of the atom, leading to the Planetary model with electrons orbiting the nucleus.
- Niels Bohr's postulate in 1913 introduced the concept of electrons occupying specific orbits based on wave properties.
- Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in 1927 challenged the traditional view of atoms, emphasizing the probabilistic nature of electron positions.
27:53
Debunking Hitler's Hollow Earth Theory
- Hitler believed in the theory of hollow Earth, but modern data on seismic waves, Earth's density, and plate tectonics refute this idea.
- The belief in holes at the poles leading to a temperate sea behind the ice was debunked, with no evidence found, and global warming impacting the Arctic ice.
- Past theories of global cooling and ice ages due to aerosols and orbital mechanics have been proven inaccurate, with ice ages not expected for at least 50 years, highlighting the evolution of scientific understanding over time.
