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Hydrogen ICSE Class 9 | Study Of The First Element Hydrogen | @sirtarunrupani

Sir Tarun Rupani・44 minutes read

The text discusses the position of Hydrogen in the periodic table, debating whether it belongs in Group 1 with alkali metals or Group 17 with halogens, highlighting its reactivity and chemical properties compared to other elements. Hydrogen's placement at the top of the table, its electron configuration, valency, and ability to form compounds are essential factors in determining its group, along with its role as a reducing agent and participation in oxidation and reduction reactions.

Insights

  • Hydrogen's position in the periodic table has sparked debates between Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 17 (halogens) due to its similarities with both groups in valency, electron configurations, and reactivity, leading to discussions on its proper placement.
  • The reactivity of Hydrogen and alkali metals, including their ability to form oxides, cations, and compounds with non-metals, showcases their chemical similarities and underscores their roles as strong reducing agents, stored in inert solvents to prevent reactions with air and moisture.

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Recent questions

  • What is the significance of Hydrogen in the periodic table?

    Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table, sparking debates on its placement in either Group 1 (alkali metals) or Group 17 (halogens). Its similarities with alkali metals and halogens in terms of valency, electron configurations, and reactivity have led to discussions on its proper classification.

  • How is Hydrogen stored due to its reactivity?

    Hydrogen and alkali metals are stored in inert organic solvents to prevent reactions with air and moisture, forming oxides. Their high reactivity necessitates careful storage to avoid unwanted chemical reactions.

  • What are the similarities between Hydrogen and alkali metals?

    Hydrogen and alkali metals share similar valency, electron configurations, and reactivity, making them capable of forming cations and reacting with oxygen to form oxides. These similarities highlight their chemical properties and behavior in reactions.

  • How can Hydrogen be extracted from water?

    Hydrogen can be extracted from water through electrolysis, a process that involves passing an electric current through water to separate hydrogen and oxygen. This method allows for the production of hydrogen gas from water molecules.

  • Why is Hydrogen included in the reactivity series?

    Hydrogen is included in the reactivity series due to its non-metallic nature and ability to lose electrons like metals. Its reactivity with acids and metals higher in the activity series showcases its position in chemical reactions and its role as a reducing agent.

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Summary

00:00

Debating Hydrogen's Placement in Periodic Table

  • The channel is dedicated to creating content on ICC topics, specifically focusing on the Hydrogen chapter.
  • Hydrogen is the first element studied in the periodic table, sparking debates on its placement in either Group 1 or Group 17.
  • Group 1, known as alkali metals, includes elements like Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium, with similar properties to Hydrogen.
  • Group 17, known as halogens, includes elements like Iodine and Bromine, forming salts and also debated as a potential placement for Hydrogen.
  • Mendeleev's periodic table placed Hydrogen at the top, initiating discussions on its position due to similarities with alkali metals and halogens.
  • Both Hydrogen and alkali metals have similar valency and electron configurations, making them reactive and capable of forming cations.
  • Hydrogen and alkali metals are good reducing agents, reacting with oxygen to form oxides, showcasing their reactivity.
  • Hydrogen and alkali metals are stored in inert organic solvents due to their high reactivity, reacting with air and moisture to form oxides.
  • Both Hydrogen and alkali metals can combine with non-metals to form compounds, showcasing their chemical similarities.
  • Group 17, known as halogens, shares similarities with Hydrogen in terms of electronic configuration, valency, formation of ions, and physical state.

15:36

"Hydrogen: Essential Element in Chemistry"

  • Thomson suggested placing an element at the top of the modern periodic table.
  • Avoid touching the group van when placing the element.
  • Hydrogen has an incomplete first shell with only one electron.
  • Alkali metals have two or more cells, forming neutral oxides and later becoming bases.
  • Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen, naming it "inflammable."
  • Hydrogen is combustible and self-burning, aiding in combustion.
  • Hydrogen is found in the atmosphere and volcanic gases in minimal amounts.
  • Hydrogen is crucial in acids, hydrocarbons, and proteins.
  • Hydrogen can be extracted from water through electrolysis.
  • Reacting metals above hydrogen in the activity series with water produces salt and hydrogen gas.

30:38

Hydrogen Reactivity Series: Elements and Reactions

  • The higher the elements of hydrogen, the more hydrogen is released.
  • Elements below hydrogen will produce hydrogen, but not with water or acid.
  • Elements above hydrogen will produce hydrogen with water and acid.
  • Hydrogen is included in the reactivity series due to its non-metallic nature.
  • Hydrogen loses electrons like metals, hence its inclusion in the series.
  • Displacement of hydrogen from dilute acid occurs with metals higher in the activity series.
  • Metals below hydrogen, like copper, do not produce hydrogen when reacting with acid.
  • Sodium and potassium reactions are violent and prone to bursting.
  • Aluminum forms a protective layer, preventing further reactions.
  • Iron's reactivity with hydrogen and compounds limits its use in producing hydrogen.

45:56

"Reduction and Oxidation Reactions in Chemistry"

  • Hydrogen gas is a strong reducing agent, akin to alkali metals.
  • Oxygen can participate in oxidation reactions, involving the addition or removal of oxygen and hydrogen.
  • Oxidation involves the addition of oxygen or electronegative ions, like chlorine, to substances.
  • Reduction entails the removal of oxygen, addition of electro-positive ions, or removal of electronegative ions.
  • Examples of oxidizing agents include substances with oxygen, while reducing agents like hydrogen facilitate reduction reactions.
  • Reactions can exhibit both oxidation and reduction simultaneously, with reactants like copper oxide and hydrogen acting as agents in these processes.
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