How does an Electric Motor work? (DC Motor)
Jared Owen・9 minutes read
Electric motors are found in various household devices like toys, fans, toothbrushes, and hairdryers, involving the basics of electricity and magnets. The structure of an electric motor includes an armature in the middle, surrounded by permanent magnets on the sides, with methods like adding more wire loops and increasing electricity flow to boost torque and speed.
Insights
- Understanding electric motors requires knowledge of basic electricity principles and magnetism, as they are fundamental to how these devices operate.
- By manipulating the interaction between electricity and magnets, such as creating electromagnets and reversing polarities, the functionality and efficiency of electric motors can be significantly improved.
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Recent questions
What are some common household devices that use electric motors?
Toys, fans, toothbrushes, and hairdryers.
How do magnets interact in electric motors?
Magnets have north and south poles that attract or repel each other.
What components make up an electric motor circuit?
Battery, wires, and a device using electricity.
How can the torque and speed of an electric motor be enhanced?
Adding more loops of wire to the armature and increasing electricity flow.
How can the polarity of an electromagnet be reversed in an electric motor?
By switching wires or using a commutator.
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Summary
00:00
"Electric motors: basics, magnets, and circuits"
- Electric motors are found in various household devices like toys, fans, toothbrushes, and hairdryers.
- Understanding how electric motors work involves grasping the basics of electricity and magnets.
- A circuit consists of a battery, wires, and a device using electricity, like a light bulb, with a complete path necessary for electricity to flow.
- Magnets have north and south poles that attract or repel each other, with some being permanent magnets always in action.
- By creating an electromagnet through a wire wrapped around a metal bolt and connecting it to a circuit, similar magnetic effects can be achieved.
- Reversing the polarity of an electromagnet can be done by switching wires or using a commutator, which automatically switches the current direction.
- An electric motor's basic structure involves an armature (rotor) in the middle, surrounded by permanent magnets (stator) on the sides.
- To enhance an electric motor's torque and speed, adding more loops of wire to the armature and increasing the electricity flow are effective methods.
