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GK FOR SSC CGL 2024 | PYQ SERIES PART 4 | LEC-5 | PARMAR SSC

PARMAR SSC・2 minutes read

The session covers the fifth lecture of the GK Pwai K series, with tests now taking place weekly on the Parmar Academy website, while also discussing significant historical and scientific concepts including the Harappan Civilization and key inventions. Additionally, it provides data on India's population growth from 2001 to 2011 and highlights notable achievements like the Chandrayaan mission landing on the Moon.

Insights

  • The Harappan Civilization, which thrived from 2500 BC to 1750 BC, is notable for its advanced urban planning, characterized by a grid structure, drainage systems, and significant architectural features like the Citadel, where the ruling class resided, while common people lived in the lower town. Key archaeological sites such as Dholavira and Lothal highlight the civilization's ingenuity, with Dholavira known for its large water reservoir and Lothal recognized for its dockyards.
  • In the realm of scientific advancements, notable figures like Galileo Galilei, who discovered Jupiter's four largest moons, and Johannes Kepler, who formulated the laws of planetary motion, have significantly shaped our understanding of the universe. Additionally, contemporary global environmental efforts are underscored by agreements such as the Montreal Protocol, which aims to phase out harmful substances affecting the ozone layer, showcasing the ongoing commitment to addressing climate change and environmental protection.

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Recent questions

  • What is the Harappan Civilization?

    The Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, was an ancient urban culture that thrived from approximately 2500 BC to 1750 BC in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. It is renowned for its advanced urban planning, which included a grid structure and sophisticated drainage systems. The civilization featured prominent architectural elements, such as the Citadel, which was situated at a higher altitude and served as a residence for the ruling class, while the lower town housed common people. Notable sites like Dholavira, known for its large water reservoir, and Lothal, recognized for its dockyards, highlight the civilization's ingenuity. The Harappan Civilization is significant for its contributions to urban development and social organization in ancient history.

  • How does the Kyoto Protocol work?

    The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty established in 1997 aimed at combating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It sets binding obligations on developed countries to reduce their emissions, recognizing that they are historically responsible for the majority of emissions. The protocol operates on a system of emissions trading, allowing countries to buy and sell emission allowances, which provides flexibility in how they meet their targets. Additionally, it encourages the development of clean technologies and sustainable practices. The Kyoto Protocol represents a significant step in global efforts to address climate change, fostering international cooperation and accountability among nations.

  • What is the significance of the Beating Retreat Ceremony?

    The Beating Retreat Ceremony is a ceremonial event held annually on January 29 in New Delhi, India, marking the end of Republic Day celebrations. It features a display of military bands and a parade, showcasing the discipline and precision of the armed forces. The ceremony symbolizes the transition from war to peace, as the retreat signifies the end of hostilities. The event is steeped in tradition, with the music played during the ceremony often including patriotic songs and military tunes. It serves not only as a tribute to the armed forces but also as a celebration of India's sovereignty and unity, drawing large crowds and fostering national pride.

  • What are the main features of the fluid mosaic model?

    The fluid mosaic model is a widely accepted theory that describes the structure of cell membranes. Proposed by Singer and Nicholson, it depicts the membrane as a dynamic and flexible layer composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates. The "fluid" aspect refers to the ability of lipids and proteins to move laterally within the layer, allowing for membrane flexibility and the ability to self-heal. The "mosaic" aspect highlights the diverse array of proteins that float in or on the lipid bilayer, each serving various functions such as transport, signaling, and structural support. This model is crucial for understanding cellular processes, including communication and transport across membranes.

  • What is the purpose of the Montreal Protocol?

    The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty established in 1987 aimed at phasing out substances that deplete the ozone layer, particularly chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting chemicals. The protocol was created in response to scientific evidence linking these substances to the thinning of the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. By setting legally binding targets for the reduction and eventual elimination of these substances, the Montreal Protocol has been successful in significantly reducing global emissions. Its implementation has led to the recovery of the ozone layer, demonstrating the effectiveness of international cooperation in addressing environmental issues and protecting public health.

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Key Highlights from Recent Educational Lectures

  • The session is the fifth lecture of the GK Pwai K series part four.
  • Tests will now be conducted every Sunday.
  • Live tests can be found in the GK section on the Parmar Academy website.
  • The previous test had issues, but future tests will be based on the series.
  • This week will cover lectures F6, F7, F8, F9, and F10.
  • An intense revision session was held yesterday.
  • The Harappan Civilization dates from 2500 BC to 1750 BC.
  • The prominent architectural feature of Indus Valley towns is the Citadel, also known as Acropolis.
  • The Citadel was located on the western side of the towns, at a higher altitude.
  • The lower town was where common people lived, while the ruling class resided in the Citadel.
  • Dholavira is a notable site with a giant water reservoir.
  • The Harappan Civilization is known for its advanced urban planning, including a grid structure and drainage system.
  • Dholavira is located near the Luni River, which does not meet any ocean.
  • Lothal is recognized for its dockyards and is also part of the Harappan Civilization.
  • The Great Granary is a significant structure found in Mohenjo-Daro.
  • The oldest Harappan site discovered is Bhirana, located in Haryana.
  • The reflecting telescope was invented by Isaac Newton, while Hans Lippershey created the first telescope.
  • Galileo Galilei discovered Jupiter's four largest moons, known as Galilean moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.
  • Christian Huygens invented the pendulum clock and discovered Saturn's rings.
  • Johannes Kepler formulated three laws of planetary motion between 1609 and 1619.
  • The first law states that planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths.
  • The second law indicates that planets sweep equal areas in equal times.
  • The third law relates the square of a planet's orbital period to the cube of its semi-major axis.
  • The Beating Retreat Ceremony occurs annually on January 29 in New Delhi.
  • The Vienna Convention is related to the protection of the ozone layer.
  • The Montreal Protocol was established to phase out CFCs, harmful to the ozone layer.
  • The Ramsar Convention, held in 1971, focuses on the protection of wetlands.
  • The first Ramsar site in India was Chilika Lake.
  • The Kyoto Protocol, established in 1997, addresses climate change.
  • The Minamata Convention aims to prevent mercury poisoning.
  • The Rio Summit, held in 1992, focused on sustainable development.
  • The Beijel Convention deals with the transboundary movement of hazardous waste.
  • The Stockholm Convention addresses persistent organic pollutants.
  • The novel "Ravana: Enemy of Aryavarta" was written by Amish Tripathi.
  • The growth rate of India's population from 2001 to 2011 was 17.7%.
  • The highest population growth rate was recorded in Meghalaya at 27.8%.
  • The lowest growth rate was in Nagaland at -0.47%.
  • The year 1921 is known as the Year of Great Divide in Indian population history.
  • The pyramid of energy is always upright, while the pyramid of biomass can be inverted.
  • The pyramid of numbers can be upright or inverted depending on the ecosystem.
  • The triple structure of collagen was discovered by G. N. Ramachandran in 1955.
  • The fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicholson.
  • Fleming's left-hand rule is used to determine the direction of force in electric motors.
  • The first High Court in India was established in Kolkata in 1862.
  • The Supreme Court of India was established on January 28, 1950.
  • The current Chief Justice of India is Rajeev Kumar.
  • The voting age in India was lowered from 21 to 18 by the 61st Amendment in 1988.
  • The first gold coins were introduced by the Indo-Greeks.
  • The founder of the Kushan Dynasty was Kujula Kadphises.
  • The Maratha challenge to the Mughal Empire peaked during Aurangzeb's reign.
  • The Treaty of Purandar was signed in 1665 between Shivaji and Raja Jai Singh.
  • The Sangeet Natak Academy Award for Manipuri dance was awarded to Akham Lakshmi Devi in 2018.
  • Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form from Kerala.
  • The Grand Cross of the Order of Honor was awarded to PM Modi by Greece.
  • The Chandrayaan mission successfully landed on the Moon on August 23, 2023.
  • The lander of the Chandrayaan mission was named Vikram, and the rover was named Pragyan.
  • The theme for the National Space Day is "Touching Lives, Touching the Moon."
  • The first High Court in India was established under the Regulating Act of 1773.
  • The Supreme Court of India is mentioned in Article 124 of the Constitution.
  • The current workforce participation rate for males is 53.2% and for females is 25.5%.
  • The 97th Amendment of the Constitution relates to the formation of cooperative societies.
  • The highest civilian award from Papua New Guinea is the Grand Cross of the Order of Logohu.
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