Georgia Standards World History Age of Revolutions Louis XIV WH14 Content Video
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Louis XIV, the Sun King, ruled France for 72 years and centralized power at Versailles while implementing significant legal reforms, including the Code Louis and the Code Noir. His reign was marked by both territorial expansion through military campaigns and religious persecution, notably the expulsion of 200,000 Huguenots due to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.
Insights
- Louis XIV, known as the Sun King, centralized power by relocating the French court to the extravagant Palace of Versailles, where he kept a close watch on the nobility by requiring their presence, thus controlling court life and rewarding loyalty with prestigious positions.
- He implemented significant legal reforms through the Code Louis, which regulated civil matters and influenced future legal frameworks like the Napoleonic Code, while also addressing issues of slavery with the Code Noir; however, his aggressive foreign policy and religious persecution, including the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, ultimately led to France's isolation and the exodus of around 200,000 Huguenots.
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Summary
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Louis XIV's Reign: Power, Control, and Conflict
- Louis XIV, known as the Sun King, began his reign on May 14, 1643, ruling France for 72 years, with his mother serving as regent until he turned 22.
- He relocated the seat of power to Versailles, constructing the palace over 28 years with 36,000 laborers, featuring 1,200 fountains, 700 rooms, and costing approximately $2.5 billion today.
- Louis XIV mandated that French nobles reside at Versailles, allowing him to monitor their activities and control court life, while rewarding compliance with lucrative positions.
- He standardized France's legal system through the Code Louis, regulating civil matters and forming the basis for the Napoleonic Code, while issuing the Code Noir regarding slavery.
- Louis XIV's foreign policy involved three major wars and a professional army of 100,000 in peacetime, expanding France's borders but leading to isolation by the late 1680s.
- He persecuted Protestants by repealing the Edict of Nantes, employing dragoons to intimidate families, resulting in approximately 200,000 Huguenots fleeing France during his reign.
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