Fluid and Electrolytes Easy Memorization Tricks for Nursing NCLEX RN & LPN
SimpleNursing・9 minutes read
Nurse Mike discusses the functions and symptoms of imbalances in potassium, sodium, chloride, and magnesium levels, highlighting how both high and low levels can lead to various health issues including heart and GI problems. It is crucial to monitor electrolyte levels to maintain proper bodily functions and prevent potential complications.
Insights
- Nurse Mike outlines the symptoms of both hyperkalemia (over 5.0) and hypokalemia (below 3.5), emphasizing the importance of potassium in heart, muscle, and GI function.
- The discussion delves into the functions of sodium, chloride, and magnesium, detailing their roles in blood pressure regulation, pH balance, and muscle function, while also highlighting the symptoms of hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hyperchloremia, hypochloremia, hypermagnesemia, and hypomagnesemia.
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Recent questions
What are the symptoms of hyperkalemia?
Muscle tightness, GI issues, neuromuscular effects.
What are the functions of sodium?
Maintains blood pressure, volume, pH balance.
What are the symptoms of hypokalemia?
Flat T-waves, ST depression, decreased reflexes.
What are the functions of chloride?
Maintains blood volume, pressure, pH balance.
What is the role of magnesium in the body?
Calms muscles, regulates heart and lung function.
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Summary
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Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, Magnesium: Functions and Symptoms
- Nurse Mike from simplenursing.com discusses the functions of potassium, highlighting hyperkalemia (over 5.0) symptoms like tight and contracted heart and muscles, GI issues, and neuromuscular effects.
- For hypokalemia (below 3.5), symptoms include flat T-waves, ST depression, decreased reflexes, and GI issues like constipation and potential intestinal paralysis.
- Sodium's functions involve maintaining blood pressure, volume, and pH balance, with hypernatremia symptoms including bloating, excessive thirst, and late signs like a swollen dry tongue.
- Hyponatremia symptoms include seizures, tachycardia, and respiratory arrest, with both high and low sodium levels leading to neurological deficits and abdominal cramping.
- Chloride, like sodium, maintains blood volume, pressure, and pH balance, with hyperchloremia symptoms mirroring high sodium levels and hypochloremia symptoms resembling low sodium levels.
- Magnesium's role is to calm muscles, with hypermagnesemia causing calmness in organs like the heart and lungs, while hypomagnesemia leads to heart irregularities, increased reflexes, abnormal eye movements, and diarrhea.
