Five biggest environmental issues in India in 2023 | WION Climate Tracker

WION3 minutes read

India has experienced a 0.7°C rise in average temperature from 1901 to 2018, with extreme weather in 2019 leading to widespread fatalities and economic impacts on 85% of vulnerable populations. Additionally, air pollution is a critical challenge, with 63 of the world’s 100 most polluted cities located in India and high levels of PM 2.5 exceeding WHO guidelines in nearly half of its cities, along with 70% of surface water being contaminated.

Insights

  • India has experienced a notable rise in average temperature by 0.7°C from 1901 to 2018, which has led to extreme weather events in 2019 that resulted in substantial fatalities and economic damages, impacting a significant portion of the population vulnerable to disasters.
  • Air pollution is a critical concern in India, with 63 out of the 100 most polluted cities worldwide located there; PM 2.5 levels surpass World Health Organization guidelines in nearly half of these cities, and a staggering 70% of the country's surface water is contaminated.

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Recent questions

  • What is climate change?

    Climate change refers to significant alterations in global temperatures and weather patterns over time. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have accelerated these changes, leading to more extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and shifts in wildlife populations and habitats. The consequences of climate change are profound, affecting ecosystems, human health, and economies worldwide. Addressing climate change requires global cooperation and sustainable practices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate its impacts.

  • How can I reduce air pollution?

    Reducing air pollution involves a combination of individual actions and broader policy changes. Individuals can contribute by using public transportation, carpooling, biking, or walking instead of driving, which decreases vehicle emissions. Additionally, conserving energy at home by using energy-efficient appliances and reducing electricity consumption can help lower pollution levels. Supporting clean energy sources, such as solar or wind power, and advocating for policies that promote environmental protection are also crucial. Community initiatives, such as tree planting and promoting green spaces, can further enhance air quality and contribute to a healthier environment.

  • What are the effects of global warming?

    Global warming, primarily driven by increased greenhouse gas emissions, leads to a variety of environmental and social effects. These include rising sea levels due to melting ice caps, more frequent and severe weather events like hurricanes and droughts, and shifts in ecosystems that can threaten biodiversity. Additionally, global warming impacts agriculture, water supply, and human health, as changing climates can lead to food shortages and increased disease prevalence. The interconnectedness of these effects underscores the urgency of addressing global warming through mitigation and adaptation strategies to protect both the planet and its inhabitants.

  • What causes extreme weather events?

    Extreme weather events are primarily caused by a combination of natural variability and human-induced climate change. Factors such as rising global temperatures can intensify weather patterns, leading to more severe storms, heatwaves, floods, and droughts. Changes in atmospheric conditions, including shifts in jet streams and ocean currents, also play a significant role in the frequency and intensity of these events. As the climate continues to change, the likelihood of extreme weather occurrences is expected to increase, posing significant risks to communities, economies, and ecosystems worldwide.

  • What is the importance of clean water?

    Clean water is essential for human health, environmental sustainability, and economic development. Access to safe drinking water prevents waterborne diseases, which can lead to serious health issues and even death. Additionally, clean water is vital for agriculture, industry, and energy production, making it a cornerstone of economic stability. Protecting water sources from pollution is crucial for maintaining biodiversity and supporting ecosystems that rely on clean water for survival. Ensuring access to clean water is not only a fundamental human right but also a key factor in promoting overall well-being and sustainable development.

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Summary

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India's Climate Crisis and Pollution Challenges

  • India's average temperature increased by 0.7°C from 1901 to 2018, with extreme weather events in 2019 causing significant fatalities and economic losses, affecting 17 out of 20 people vulnerable to disasters.
  • Air pollution ranks as a major issue, with 63 of the 100 most polluted cities in India; PM 2.5 levels exceed WHO guidelines in 48% of cities, while 70% of surface water is polluted.
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